Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three primary functions of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Return of interstitial fluid to the bloodstream, transport of dietary fats, and immunity.

Question 2

Which of the following statements correctly contrasts lymphatic vessels and blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic vessels transport lymph in a one-way system toward the heart, while blood vessels form a closed circuit.

Question 3

A patient has a blockage in the thoracic duct. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired return of lymph from the left side of the body and both lower limbs.

Question 4

Which cell type is primarily responsible for antigen presentation to helper T cells via Class II MHC molecules?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic cells

Question 5

Which of the following best defines the complement system?

Accepted Answer

A group of plasma proteins that, when activated, enhance immune responses and can cause cell lysis.

Question 6

A patient presents with swelling, redness, heat, and pain at an injury site. Which process is primarily responsible for these signs, and what is the physiological benefit?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation; increases blood flow and vascular permeability to facilitate immune cell access.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why adaptive immunity is considered 'specific'?

Accepted Answer

It targets particular antigens and forms memory cells for future responses.

Question 8

Which antibody class is most abundant in the secondary immune response and is capable of crossing the placenta?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 9

A child receives a vaccine containing inactivated virus particles. Which type of immunity is being induced?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired active immunity

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the thymus in immunity?

Accepted Answer

It screens developing T cells for immunocompetence and self-tolerance.

Question 11

A patient with HIV is at increased risk for opportunistic infections because the virus primarily targets which cell type?

Accepted Answer

CD4 helper T cells

Question 12

Which process involves antibodies binding to antigens on the surface of pathogens, causing them to clump together for easier phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination

Question 13

Which of the following is a key difference between primary and secondary immune responses?

Accepted Answer

The secondary response is faster and produces more IgG than the primary response.

Question 14

Which of the following best defines an autoimmune disorder?

Accepted Answer

A failure of the immune system to distinguish self from non-self, attacking the body's own tissues.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of natural killer (NK) cells?

Accepted Answer

They destroy infected or cancerous cells by inducing apoptosis.

Question 16

A patient receives an injection of antibodies after exposure to rabies. Which type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of cytokines such as interleukins and interferons?

Accepted Answer

They act as signaling molecules to regulate immune cell activity.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of endogenous antigen presentation?

Accepted Answer

Antigens generated within a cell are presented on Class I MHC molecules to cytotoxic T cells.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Production of T cells after birth.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why fever can be beneficial during infection?

Accepted Answer

It enhances the activity of immune cells and inhibits some pathogens.

The Lymphatic System and Immunity: Study Guide

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