Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structural characteristics common to all epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

Cells are tightly packed with little to no extracellular matrix and have a free apical surface.

Question 2

A patient presents with a second-degree burn. Which of the following consequences is most likely to occur due to disruption of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Loss of epidermal and partial dermal layers, resulting in impaired water conservation and increased risk of infection.

Question 3

Which equation best represents the relationship between surface area ($$A) $$and rate of water loss ($$R) $$through the skin, assuming all other factors are constant?

Accepted Answer

$$R = k 	imes A$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of the subcutaneous layer (hypodermis) in thermoregulation?

Accepted Answer

Stores adipose tissue that insulates the body and reduces heat loss.

Question 5

Which of the following cell types in the epidermis is primarily responsible for immune defense?

Accepted Answer

Epidermal dendritic (Langerhans) cells

Question 6

A gland that releases its product by exocytosis without loss of cellular material is classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine

Question 7

Which tissue type is derived from mesenchyme during embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete products into ducts; endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 9

Which of the following equations represents the rate of heat loss ($$Q) $$from the skin as a function of temperature difference ($$\Delta T) $$and thermal conductivity ($$k$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = k 	imes \Delta T$$

Question 10

Which layer of the epidermis is present only in thick skin, such as the palms and soles?

Accepted Answer

Stratum lucidum

Question 11

A patient with atrophy of skeletal muscle tissue is most likely to experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in muscle mass and strength due to reduction in cell size.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Prevent leakage of substances between cells by sealing adjacent cells together.

Question 13

Which membrane lines body cavities that open to the exterior and secretes mucus?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membrane

Question 14

Which of the following is a major function of the dermis?

Accepted Answer

Provides structural strength and elasticity due to collagen and elastic fibers.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the skin of the palms and fingers lacks sebaceous (oil) glands and hair?

Accepted Answer

To increase tactile sensitivity and grip by reducing oil and hair interference.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of metaplasia?

Accepted Answer

Transformation of simple squamous epithelium to stratified squamous epithelium in the respiratory tract due to chronic irritation.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of keratinization in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Keratinocytes migrate from the stratum basale to the stratum corneum, accumulating keratin and eventually dying.

Question 18

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the number of sweat glands ($$N) $$and the maximum rate of evaporative cooling ($$E) in $$the skin?

Accepted Answer

$$E = c 	imes N$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of excessive fibrosis during tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Formation of scar tissue that impairs normal function.

Tissues and the Integumentary System: Study Guide

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