Which of the following hormones is/are produced by the posterior pituitary?
a. Antidiuretic hormone
b. Oxytocin
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the role of the posterior pituitary gland. The posterior pituitary does not produce hormones itself; instead, it stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

Step 2: Identify the two main hormones associated with the posterior pituitary. These are antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also known as vasopressin) and oxytocin, both synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary for storage and release.

Step 3: Clarify the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH helps regulate water balance in the body by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Step 4: Clarify the function of oxytocin. Oxytocin is involved in uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.

Step 5: Based on the information above, determine whether the posterior pituitary is associated with the release of both hormones (ADH and oxytocin), neither, or just one of them.

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주요 개념

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Posterior Pituitary Gland

The posterior pituitary gland, also known as the neurohypophysis, is a part of the endocrine system that stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus. It does not synthesize hormones itself but plays a crucial role in the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin into the bloodstream.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Antidiuretic hormone, also known as vasopressin, is produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. It regulates water balance in the body by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, thus concentrating urine and reducing water loss, which is vital for maintaining fluid homeostasis.

Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a hormone produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. It plays a significant role in childbirth by stimulating uterine contractions and is also involved in social bonding, emotional responses, and lactation, making it essential for maternal behaviors and attachment.

Which of the following hormones is/are produced by the posterior pituitary?a. Antidiuretic hormoneb. Oxytocinc. Both a and bd. Neither a nor b