Collateral sympathetic ganglia are involved with innervating
a. abdominal organs
b. thoracic organs
c. head
d. arrector pili
e. all of these

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the role of collateral sympathetic ganglia. These ganglia are part of the sympathetic nervous system and are located anterior to the vertebral column, unlike the paravertebral ganglia which lie alongside the vertebral column.

Step 2: Recall that collateral ganglia primarily innervate organs in the abdominal and pelvic regions, providing sympathetic input to these areas.

Step 3: Review the options: (a) abdominal organs, (b) thoracic organs, (c) head, (d) arrector pili muscles, and (e) all of these. Consider which organs or structures each type of ganglia typically innervates.

Step 4: Recognize that thoracic organs and head structures are generally innervated by paravertebral ganglia or other specific ganglia, not collateral ganglia. Arrector pili muscles are innervated by postganglionic fibers from paravertebral ganglia.

Step 5: Conclude that collateral sympathetic ganglia are specifically involved with innervating abdominal organs, making option (a) the correct choice.

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주요 개념

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Collateral Sympathetic Ganglia

Collateral sympathetic ganglia are clusters of nerve cell bodies located anterior to the vertebral column. They differ from paravertebral ganglia and primarily innervate organs in the abdominal and pelvic regions by sending postganglionic fibers to these targets.

Sympathetic Innervation of Abdominal Organs

Sympathetic nerves from collateral ganglia regulate functions of abdominal organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, and kidneys. These ganglia modulate activities like blood flow, digestion, and secretion through autonomic control.

Distinction Between Sympathetic Targets

Different sympathetic ganglia innervate specific body regions: paravertebral ganglia mainly serve thoracic organs and structures like arrector pili muscles, while collateral ganglia target abdominal and pelvic organs. Understanding this helps identify which ganglia control which organs.

Collateral sympathetic ganglia are involved with innervatinga. abdominal organsb. thoracic organsc. headd. arrector pilie. all of these