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What is the homeostatic value of flexor reflexes?
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Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity
Marieb, Hoehn11th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874034
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation24
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive25
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units21
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric20
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System11
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton14
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System26
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue19
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System26
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity32
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System19
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses26
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System23
- Ch. 17 Blood25
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart24
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues14
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses27
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System21
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System31
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System26
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System24
- Ch. 28 Pregnancy and Human Development25
- Ch. 29 Heredity11
13장, 문제 25
Fumiko, a 19-year-old nursing student, had had a runny nose and sore throat for several days. Upon waking, her face felt “twisted.” When she examined her face in the mirror, she noticed that the right side looked “droopy” and she was unable to move the facial muscles on that side. This made it difficult to speak clearly or eat. Which cranial nerve was affected and on which side? What is a common cause of this condition?
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Identify the symptoms described: facial drooping on the right side, inability to move facial muscles on that side, difficulty speaking clearly and eating. These symptoms suggest a problem with the motor control of facial muscles.
Step 2: Recall the cranial nerve responsible for motor control of the muscles of facial expression. This is the Facial nerve, also known as Cranial Nerve VII.
Step 3: Determine the side affected by the nerve damage. Since the right side of the face is droopy and paralyzed, the right Facial nerve is affected.
Step 4: Understand common causes of sudden facial nerve paralysis. One common cause is Bell's palsy, which is an idiopathic (unknown cause) inflammation of the facial nerve, often linked to viral infections.
Step 5: Summarize that the condition described is likely Bell's palsy affecting the right Facial nerve (Cranial Nerve VII), causing unilateral facial muscle paralysis.
주요 개념
질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
The facial nerve controls the muscles of facial expression, including those responsible for smiling, blinking, and other movements. Damage to this nerve causes weakness or paralysis on the affected side of the face, leading to drooping and difficulty with speech and eating.
추천 영상:
2:25
Nerves and Blood Supply
Unilateral Facial Paralysis
Unilateral facial paralysis refers to weakness or loss of movement on one side of the face. It is characterized by drooping of the mouth and eyelid, inability to close the eye, and impaired facial expressions, often indicating damage to the facial nerve on that specific side.
추천 영상:
6:30Overview of Facial Bones
Bell's Palsy as a Common Cause
Bell's palsy is a common cause of sudden, unilateral facial paralysis, often linked to viral infections like herpes simplex. It results from inflammation or compression of the facial nerve, leading to temporary weakness or paralysis that typically improves with time or treatment.
추천 영상:
04:21Variation in A&P