객관식
Which of the following molecules is NOT involved in signal transduction of the β-adrenergic GPCR?
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12. Biosignaling
Stimulatory Adenylate Cyclase GPCR Signaling
객관식
Which of the following represents the best order of signal transduction for the β-adrenergic receptor?
A
Hormone → receptor tyrosine kinase → G-protein → protein kinase A → cAMP → cellular effects.
B
Ligand → receptor → secondary messenger → G-protein → protein kinase A → cellular effects.
C
Hormone → G-protein → receptor → cAMP → protein kinase A → cellular effects.
D
Hormone → receptor → G-protein → second messenger → protein kinase A → cellular effects.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the role of the β-adrenergic receptor in signal transduction, which is a process that converts a signal from outside the cell into a functional change within the cell.
Identify the components involved in the signal transduction pathway: the hormone (ligand), the receptor, the G-protein, the second messenger (such as cAMP), and protein kinase A.
Recognize that the β-adrenergic receptor is a type of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), which means it interacts with G-proteins to transmit signals inside the cell.
Determine the correct sequence of events: the hormone binds to the receptor, activating the G-protein. The activated G-protein then stimulates the production of a second messenger, which in turn activates protein kinase A.
Conclude that the correct order of signal transduction for the β-adrenergic receptor is: Hormone → receptor → G-protein → second messenger → protein kinase A → cellular effects.
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