객관식
Calculate ΔGtransport for the diffusion of glucose from outside to inside a cell if extracellular [Glucose] = 5 mM, intacellular [Glucose] = 0.5 mM, & the temperature = 20˚C. Would this be an exergonic or endergonic process?
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11. Biological Membranes and Transport
Thermodynamics of Membrane Diffusion: Uncharged Molecule
Multiple Choice
Calculate ΔGtransport for the diffusion of glucose from inside to outside a cell if extracellular [Glucose] = 1 M, intacellular [Glucose] = 2.0 mM, & the temperature = 20˚C. Would this be a spontaneous or nonspontaneous process?
A
–15.15 KJ/mol.
B
15.15 KJ/mol.
C
–1.03 KJ/mol.
D
1.03 KJ/mol.
검증된 단계별 안내1
First, understand that ΔGtransport refers to the Gibbs free energy change for the transport of a substance across a membrane. It can be calculated using the formula: ΔGtransport = RT ln([Glucose]outside/[Glucose]inside), where R is the universal gas constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin. Since the temperature is given as 20˚C, add 273.15 to convert it to Kelvin: T = 20 + 273.15 = 293.15 K.
Identify the concentrations of glucose inside and outside the cell. The extracellular concentration is 1 M, and the intracellular concentration is 2.0 mM. Convert the intracellular concentration to molarity: 2.0 mM = 0.002 M.
Use the universal gas constant R, which is approximately 8.314 J/(mol·K), in the formula. Substitute the values into the equation: ΔGtransport = 8.314 J/(mol·K) * 293.15 K * ln(1/0.002).
Evaluate the spontaneity of the process. If ΔGtransport is negative, the process is spontaneous; if positive, it is nonspontaneous. Calculate the natural logarithm and multiply by the constants to determine the sign of ΔGtransport.
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