객관식
Calculate ΔGtransport for the diffusion of glucose from outside to inside a cell if extracellular [Glucose] = 5 mM, intacellular [Glucose] = 0.5 mM, & the temperature = 20˚C. Would this be an exergonic or endergonic process?
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11. Biological Membranes and Transport
Thermodynamics of Membrane Diffusion: Uncharged Molecule
객관식
Calculate the energy cost (ΔGtransport) of pumping an uncharged solute across a cell's plasma membrane, against a 1.0 x 104-fold concentration gradient at 25˚C. Would this be an exergonic or endergonic process?
A
–95 KJ/mol.
B
2 KJ/mol.
C
23 KJ/mol.
D
–10 KJ/mol.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Identify the formula for calculating the energy cost of transporting an uncharged solute across a membrane: ΔG_transport = RT ln(C2/C1), where R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K), T is the temperature in Kelvin, and C2/C1 is the concentration gradient.
Convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15 to the given temperature: T = 25 + 273.15 = 298.15 K.
Substitute the values into the formula: R = 8.314 J/mol·K, T = 298.15 K, and the concentration gradient C2/C1 = 1.0 x 10^4.
Calculate the natural logarithm of the concentration gradient: ln(1.0 x 10^4).
Multiply the values: ΔG_transport = 8.314 J/mol·K * 298.15 K * ln(1.0 x 10^4) to find the energy cost in Joules per mole, then convert to kilojoules per mole by dividing by 1000. Determine if the process is exergonic (ΔG < 0) or endergonic (ΔG > 0) based on the sign of ΔG_transport.
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