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Titration definitions

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  • Titration
    Lab technique for measuring pH changes in acid-based solutions by adding a known concentration to an unknown solution.
  • Titrant
    Solution of known concentration gradually added to another to achieve neutralization during titration.
  • Analyte
    Solution of unknown concentration being analyzed in a titration experiment.
  • Equivalence Point
    Stage in titration where moles of titrant equal moles of analyte, often marked by a color change.
  • Inflection Point
    Position on a titration curve indicating the pKa of an acid, where half of the acid is neutralized.
  • pKa
    Value representing the pH at which the concentration of conjugate acid equals that of conjugate base.
  • Titration Curve
    Graph plotting pH versus amount of titrant added, used to visualize neutralization and pKa values.
  • Polyprotic Acid
    Acid containing multiple acidic hydrogens, each with its own pKa and equivalence point.
  • Conjugate Acid
    Species formed when a base gains a proton, present at inflection points during titration.
  • Conjugate Base
    Species formed when an acid loses a proton, concentration equals conjugate acid at pKa.
  • Endpoint
    Moment in titration when neutralization is visually detected, often coinciding with equivalence point.
  • Strong Acid
    Substance that fully dissociates in solution, resulting in a titration equivalence point at pH 7.
  • Strong Base
    Substance that fully dissociates in solution, used as titrant in many titration experiments.
  • Weak Acid
    Substance that partially dissociates in solution, with pKa revealed at the inflection point.
  • Phosphoric Acid
    Polyprotic weak acid with three acidic hydrogens, each contributing a distinct pKa and equivalence point.