Q: A student measures the length of a cell image as 60 mm. The actual length of the cell is 20 μm. What is the magnification of the image?

$$\frac{60\,\text{mm}}{20\,\mu\text{m}} = 3000$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the main idea of the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

All living things are composed of cells, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Question 2

A student observes a cell under a microscope and notes the presence of a cell wall, naked circular DNA, and 70S ribosomes. Which type of cell is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 3

Which of the following is a key advantage of electron microscopy over light microscopy?

Accepted Answer

Electron microscopy provides much higher resolution and magnification.

Question 4

Which of the following structures is found in all living cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 5

A student measures the length of a cell image as 60 mm. The actual length of the cell is 20 μm. What is the magnification of the image?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{60\,	ext{mm}}{20\,\mu	ext{m}} = 3000$$

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function carried out by all unicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Multicellular development

Question 7

Which evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria contain 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why water is the main component of cytoplasm in cells?

Accepted Answer

Water provides a medium for metabolic reactions.

Question 9

A student is preparing a wet mount slide of onion cells. Which step is essential to avoid trapping air bubbles under the coverslip?

Accepted Answer

Lower the coverslip at an angle onto the drop.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Modification and packaging of proteins for secretion.

Question 11

A muscle cell is observed to have multiple nuclei. This is an example of which type of atypical cell structure?

Accepted Answer

Multinucleate cell

Question 12

Which of the following is a reason why multicellularity is advantageous compared to unicellularity?

Accepted Answer

Allows for cell specialization and larger body size.

Question 13

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles.

Question 14

A student calculates the actual size of a cell using the formula $$	ext{Actual size} = \frac{	ext{Image size}}{	ext{Magnification}}. If $$the image size is 500 μm and the magnification is 1000x, what is the actual size?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\,\mu	ext{m}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Controls entry and exit of substances.

Question 16

Which microscopy technique would be most appropriate for visualizing the location of specific proteins within a cell?

Accepted Answer

Immunofluorescence microscopy

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about gene expression and cell differentiation?

Accepted Answer

Cell differentiation is based on different patterns of gene expression.

Question 18

A scientist observes a cell with a compartmentalized cytoplasm, 80S ribosomes, and a nucleus with a double membrane. Which type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cell

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis, folding, and modification of proteins for export.

Question 20

Which of the following observations would best support the prediction made by cell theory regarding newly discovered organisms?

Accepted Answer

The organism is composed of one or more cells.

Cell Structure and Microscopy: Foundations for Biochemistry

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