Question 1

Which of the following pairs are epimers at C2?

Accepted Answer

D-Glucose and D-Mannose

Question 2

What is the semi-developed formula for D-Fructose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$HOCH_2$$-(CHOH)_3-CO-CH_2OH}$$

Question 3

How many stereoisomers are possible for an aldohexose?

Accepted Answer

$$2^4 = 16$

Question 4

Which statement best describes mutarotation?

Accepted Answer

It is the change in optical rotation due to the interconversion between alpha and beta anomers.

Question 5

Which of the following sugars is a ketose?

Accepted Answer

D-Fructose

Question 6

After methylation and hydrolysis of a polysaccharide, which type of linkage can be identified by the presence of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-glucose?

Accepted Answer

Terminal glucose

Question 7

Which formula represents the calculation of the number of possible stereoisomers for a sugar with n chiral centers?

Accepted Answer

$$2^n$$

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct Haworth projection for β-D-galactofuranose?

Accepted Answer

A five-membered ring with the OH on C1 above the plane

Question 9

What is the main difference between D-glucose and D-mannose in their Fischer projections?

Accepted Answer

The configuration at C2

Question 10

Which reaction is used to determine the structure of a polysaccharide by breaking all glycosidic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis with strong acid

Question 11

What is the product of the oxidation of the primary alcohol group of D-glucose?

Accepted Answer

D-Glucuronic acid

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 13

What is the effect of periodate oxidation on a sugar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds between vicinal diols

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct structure for D-ribulose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$HOCH_2$$-(CHOH)_2-CO-CH_2OH}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the structure of maltose?

Accepted Answer

α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose

Question 16

Which of the following is a product of the hydrolysis of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

D-Glucose and D-Fructose

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for the calculation of the number of glucose units in a polysaccharide with a molecular weight of $$M$$ and a glucose unit weight of $$m$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{M}{m}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a non-reducing disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 19

What is the main structural difference between α and β anomers of D-glucose?

Accepted Answer

The orientation of the OH group on C1

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct product of the action of acid hydrolysis on raffinose?

Accepted Answer

D-Glucose, D-Fructose, and D-Galactose

Comprehensive Study Notes on Carbohydrates: Structure, Isomerism, and Reactions

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