Q: In the catabolism of fat (triacylglycerols), glycerol enters central metabolism as which intermediate?

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate ($$\text{DHAP})$$

Q: Which of the following statements best describes the fate of glycerol released during the breakdown of triacylglycerols?

It is converted to dihydroxyacetone phosphate ($$\text{DHAP}) $$and enters glycolysis

Q: Which of the following is the correct net reaction for one cycle of beta-oxidation of a saturated fatty acid?

$$\text{Fatty acyl-CoA} + \text{FAD} + \text{NAD}^+ + \text{CoA} \rightarrow \text{Fatty acyl-CoA (shortened by 2C)} + \text{FADH}_2 + \text{NADH} + \text{Acetyl-CoA}$$

Question 1

In the catabolism of fat (triacylglycerols), glycerol enters central metabolism as which intermediate?

Accepted Answer

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate ($$	ext{DHAP})$$

Question 2

What is the primary role of carnitine in fatty acid metabolism?

Accepted Answer

It is required for the intracellular transport of fatty acids

Question 3

Which enzyme is the major control point of beta-oxidation of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Carnitine acyltransferase I

Question 4

Arrange the following enzymes in the correct order of their action during beta-oxidation:
1. Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
2. Enoyl-CoA hydratase
3. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
4. Thiolase

Accepted Answer

3, 2, 1, 4

Question 5

The conversion of one palmitic acid ($$	ext{C}_{16}	ext{H}_{32}	ext{O}_2) $$through beta-oxidation and the Citric Acid Cycle yields how many ATP equivalents?

Accepted Answer

106

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describes the fate of glycerol released during the breakdown of triacylglycerols?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to dihydroxyacetone phosphate ($$	ext{DHAP}) $$and enters glycolysis

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a product of one round of beta-oxidation of a saturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

Citrate

Question 8

A patient with a deficiency in carnitine acyltransferase I would most likely experience which of the following symptoms during fasting?

Accepted Answer

Decreased ability to oxidize long-chain fatty acids

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why fatty acids cannot be used to synthesize glucose in humans?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids are converted to acetyl-CoA, which cannot be converted to pyruvate or oxaloacetate in animals

Question 10

Which of the following steps in fatty acid oxidation directly produces FADH$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

Question 11

If a mutation caused the enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase to be nonfunctional, which intermediate would accumulate during beta-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Trans-$$\$$Delta^2$$-enoyl-CoA

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct net reaction for one cycle of beta-oxidation of a saturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Fatty acyl-CoA} + 	ext{FAD} + 	ext{NAD}^+ + 	ext{CoA} ightarrow 	ext{Fatty acyl-CoA (shortened by 2C)} + 	ext{FADH}_2 + 	ext{NADH} + 	ext{Acetyl-CoA}$$

Study Notes: Fatty Acid Oxidation and Metabolism

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