How do social insects, such as ants, utilize trail pheromones to gather their resources?

A worker lays down a trail of pheromones when returning to the colony so that other workers can use it to find the resources.

A worker covers the food with trail pheromones so other ants can smell it from a distance.

A worker surrounds food with pheromones to deter other organisms from stealing it.

A worker put in some pheromones on the food to make it taste better and avoid spoilage.