Question 1

Which property of water is most directly responsible for its ability to moderate temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form hydrogen bonds

Question 2

A scientist is studying a protein that loses its function when exposed to high temperatures. Which level of protein structure is most likely disrupted first by heat, and why?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure, because hydrogen bonds are disrupted

Question 3

A cell with a high surface-area-to-volume ratio is likely to:

Accepted Answer

Exchange materials with its environment more efficiently

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in aqueous environments?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophobic tails avoid water while hydrophilic heads interact with water

Question 5

A plant cell is placed in a solution with a lower solute concentration than its cytoplasm. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will gain water and become turgid

Question 6

An experiment measures the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction at different temperatures. The rate increases with temperature up to a point, then sharply decreases. Which best explains the decrease at high temperatures?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme denatures, losing its active site shape

Question 7

During cellular respiration, which process directly produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis

Question 8

A mutation causes a cell to produce a nonfunctional receptor protein for a hormone. Which step in cell communication is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Reception

Question 9

If a cell fails to properly regulate the G1 checkpoint of the cell cycle, what is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled cell division, potentially leading to cancer

Question 10

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$RrYy 	imes RrYy$$), what is the probability of obtaining an offspring with the genotype $$rryy$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{16}$$

Question 11

A woman with blood type AB and a man with blood type O have a child. What are the possible blood types of their child?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

DNA $$\rightarrow$$ RNA $$\rightarrow$$ Protein

Question 13

A point mutation changes a codon from $$UAC to$$ $$UAA. $$What is the most likely effect on the resulting protein?

Accepted Answer

Translation will terminate prematurely

Question 14

In a population of 1000 individuals, 360 show the recessive phenotype for a trait. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the dominant allele ($$p$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$0.4$$

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Small population size

Question 16

Which of the following provides the strongest evidence for common ancestry among diverse species?

Accepted Answer

Similarities in DNA sequences

Question 17

A keystone species is removed from a community. What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

A significant change in community structure and loss of biodiversity

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why energy transfer between trophic levels is typically only about 10% efficient?

Accepted Answer

Most energy is lost as heat due to metabolic processes

Question 19

A population of rabbits is introduced to an island with abundant resources and no predators. Which growth model best describes the initial population increase?

Accepted Answer

Exponential growth: $$N_t = N_0$ e$$^{rt}$$

Question 20

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. Which of the following is the best experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Grow two groups of identical plants, giving one group the fertilizer and the other no fertilizer, keeping all other variables constant

AP Biology College Board-Aligned Study Syllabus: Topic Overview and Study Skills

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드