Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure of a carbon atom as depicted in a Bohr model?

Accepted Answer

A nucleus with 6 protons and 6 neutrons, surrounded by 2 electrons in the first shell and 4 electrons in the second shell.

Question 2

If an atom has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons, what element is it and how are its electrons distributed in the Bohr model?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen; 2 electrons in the first shell, 6 electrons in the second shell.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about atomic structure is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are found in specific energy levels (shells) around the nucleus.

Question 4

A sodium atom has 11 electrons. According to the Bohr model, how are these electrons arranged?

Accepted Answer

2 in the first shell, 8 in the second shell, 1 in the third shell.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why atoms form chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

To achieve a stable electron configuration, often a full outer shell.

Question 6

If a neutral atom of fluorine gains one electron, what is the resulting charge and what is the term for this ion?

Accepted Answer

Negative charge; anion.

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between the number of protons ($$p$$), electrons ($$e$$), and the charge ($$q) of an $$atom?

Accepted Answer

$$q = e - p$$

Question 8

A magnesium atom has 12 protons and 12 electrons. If it loses two electrons, what is its new charge?

Accepted Answer

$$+2$$

Question 9

Which of the following is true about isotopes of an element?

Accepted Answer

They have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to have eight electrons in their outermost shell.

Question 11

A neutral atom of nitrogen has 7 protons and 7 electrons. If it gains three electrons, what is its resulting charge?

Accepted Answer

$$-3$$

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a neutral atom of neon ($$Z=10$$)?

Accepted Answer

2 electrons in the first shell, 8 electrons in the second shell.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about valence electrons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom and are involved in chemical bonding.

Question 14

If an atom has an atomic number of 17 and a mass number of 35, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$35 - 17 = 18$$ neutrons

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why noble gases are generally unreactive?

Accepted Answer

They have a full outer electron shell, making them stable.

Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration in Biology

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