$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ \, \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 2

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ \, \mathrm{M}$$

Question 3

Which property of water allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar compounds, making it known as the 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

Its polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds

Question 4

Which of the following statements about buffers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Buffers help maintain a stable pH, allowing enzymes to function properly.

Question 5

A carbon atom has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. What is its atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

$$12$$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature while unsaturated fatty acids are liquid?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds that create kinks, preventing tight packing.

Question 7

Which of the following molecules is an example of a molecular compound?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2O$$

Question 8

What type of bond is formed when one atom donates an electron to another atom, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract each other?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 9

Which of the following best describes dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that removes water to join two monomers together.

Question 10

Which statement correctly describes the difference between polar and non-polar covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bonds have unequal sharing of electrons due to differences in electronegativity.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about hydrophobic molecules?

Accepted Answer

They are non-polar and do not dissolve in water.

Question 12

A buffer solution is added to a cell culture. What is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

To keep the pH stable despite addition of acids or bases

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a monomer?

Accepted Answer

A small molecule that can exist on its own or be used as a building block for larger molecules

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of an intermolecular force?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bond between two water molecules

Question 15

If a solution has a pH of 9, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solution is basic and has a low concentration of H$$^+$$ ions.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why water molecules are polar?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, causing electrons to be pulled closer to oxygen.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of phospholipids in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Long-term energy storage

Question 18

Which of the following statements about carbon is correct?

Accepted Answer

Carbon has 4 valence electrons and can form up to 4 covalent bonds.

Question 19

Which process breaks down polymers into monomers by adding water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 20

A triglyceride contains fatty acids with only single C-C bonds. Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

It is a saturated fat and likely solid at room temperature.

Biochemistry Fundamentals: Atoms, Bonds, Water, and Biological Molecules

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