Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of relative abundance for a species in a community?

$$ \text{Relative Abundance} = \frac{\text{Number of individuals of species A}}{\text{Total number of individuals in the community}} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between species richness and species evenness in measuring biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Species richness measures the total number of species in an area, while species evenness measures the relative abundance of each species.

Question 2

A conservation biologist is comparing two forest communities. Forest A has 10 species, each with roughly equal numbers of individuals. Forest B has 10 species, but one species makes up 90% of the individuals. Which forest has higher species evenness, and why?

Accepted Answer

Forest A, because the individuals are more evenly distributed among species.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of an adaptive radiation?

Accepted Answer

A single ancestral bird species colonizes an island and diversifies into multiple species, each adapted to different food sources.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why small populations are more vulnerable to extinction?

Accepted Answer

Small populations are more affected by random events and inbreeding, leading to reduced genetic variation and increased risk of extinction.

Question 5

Which of the following events is considered a 'mass extinction'?

Accepted Answer

A rapid loss of more than 50% of species in a relatively short geological time period.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a direct human-caused factor contributing to current biodiversity loss?

Accepted Answer

Increased volcanic activity.

Question 7

A species' fundamental niche is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The full range of environmental conditions and resources a species could theoretically use.

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of phylogenetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

A community containing species from many different evolutionary lineages, as measured by the total branch length on a phylogenetic tree.

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of relative abundance for a species in a community?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Relative Abundance} = \frac{	ext{Number of individuals of species A}}{	ext{Total number of individuals in the community}} $$

Question 10

Which of the following is a likely outcome after a mass extinction event?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diversification of surviving species into newly available ecological niches.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the relationship between coevolution and biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Coevolution can drive the diversification of species by creating new ecological opportunities and leading to reproductive isolation.

Question 12

Which of the following conservation strategies is most likely to increase genetic variation in a small, isolated population?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating gene flow by connecting fragmented habitats.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a functional trait used to measure functional diversity in a community?

Accepted Answer

The ability of a plant species to fix nitrogen.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why biodiversity is often described as a 'snapshot in time'?

Accepted Answer

Because the composition and abundance of species in a community can change over time due to ecological and evolutionary processes.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of how humans can reverse the 'extinction vortex' in small populations?

Accepted Answer

Restoring habitat connectivity to allow for migration and gene flow.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about animals is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

All animals are multicellular and ingest their food.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of adaptive radiation?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diversification of a single lineage into many species, each adapted to different ecological niches.

Question 18

Which of the following is a limitation of using species richness alone to measure biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

It does not account for the abundance of each species.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the realized niche of a species?

Accepted Answer

The actual set of conditions and resources a species uses, limited by competition and other biotic factors.

Question 20

Which of the following is a benefit of captive breeding programs in conservation biology?

Accepted Answer

They can increase population size and genetic diversity for endangered species.

Biodiversity, Animal Diversity, and Conservation Biology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드