Question 1

Which of the following best describes a necessary cause in the etiology of abnormal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A factor that must be present for a disorder to occur.

Question 2

A child exposed to early neglect does not show symptoms of abnormal behavior until adolescence. This is an example of which type of risk factor?

Accepted Answer

Distal risk factor

Question 3

In the diathesis-stress model, which equation best represents the additive model for the likelihood of developing a disorder?

Accepted Answer

$$P(D) = D + S$$

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a reinforcing contributory cause?

Accepted Answer

A condition that maintains maladaptive behavior once it has started.

Question 5

A person with a genetic predisposition for depression who experiences a major life stressor develops depressive symptoms. This scenario best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

The diathesis-stress model

Question 6

Which of the following statements about genotypes and phenotypes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Genotype is the total genetic endowment, while phenotype is the observed structural and functional characteristics.

Question 7

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to others?

Accepted Answer

Projection

Question 8

According to the behavioral perspective, which process explains why a child learns to fear dogs after being bitten by one?

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning

Question 9

Which equation best represents the interactive model of the diathesis-stress relationship?

Accepted Answer

$$P(D) = D 	imes S$$

Question 10

A person who channels aggressive impulses into competitive sports is using which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Sublimation

Question 11

Which of the following is a criticism of traditional psychoanalytic theory?

Accepted Answer

It overemphasizes the role of unconscious processes.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the concept of temperament?

Accepted Answer

A child’s early reactivity and characteristic ways of self-regulation.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of observational learning?

Accepted Answer

A child learns to wash hands after seeing a parent do so.

Question 14

Which of the following is a sociocultural factor that can influence the prevalence of mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

Low socioeconomic status

Question 15

Which statement about the relationship between genotype and environment is correct?

Accepted Answer

People with different genotypes may be differentially sensitive to their environments.

Question 16

A person who justifies hostile actions toward minorities by misinterpreting religious texts is using which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Rationalization

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a sufficient cause in abnormal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A factor that guarantees the occurrence of a disorder if present.

Question 18

Which of the following is a protective factor against developing mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

Warm, supportive family environment.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of Freudian theory?

Accepted Answer

Focus on personal growth and fulfillment.

Question 20

Which of the following best illustrates bidirectional influences in abnormal behavior?

Accepted Answer

Environment, behavior, neural activity, and genetic activity all influence each other.

Causal Factors and Viewpoints in Abnormal Psychology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드