Question 1

Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for the duplication of genetic material, resulting in the formation of sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 2

During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes align at the center of the cell before being separated?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 3

If a diploid cell with 2n = 8 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 4

Which scientist first documented chromosome behavior during cell division in 1882?

Accepted Answer

Walther Flemming

Question 5

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis regarding chromosome number in daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis maintains chromosome number, meiosis reduces it by half

Question 6

During meiosis I, what key event ensures genetic diversity in gametes?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Question 7

Which stage of mitosis is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 8

If a human cell (2n = 46) undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will each gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

$$23$$

Question 9

Which process restores the diploid chromosome number after it has been reduced during gamete formation?

Accepted Answer

Fertilization

Question 10

Which of the following best describes homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes inherited from each parent that carry the same genes but may have different alleles

Question 11

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell prepare for mitosis by checking for DNA damage and ensuring all proteins needed for division are present?

Accepted Answer

G$$_2$$ phase

Question 12

Which of the following events occurs during cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

The cytoplasm divides, forming two separate daughter cells

Question 13

Which observation by Sutton and Boveri linked chromosome behavior to Mendel’s laws of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Chromosome number is reduced during gamete formation and restored during fertilization

Question 14

A cell in metaphase of mitosis has 12 chromosomes. How many chromatids are present at this stage?

Accepted Answer

$$24$$

Question 15

Which stage of mitosis is directly followed by cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Telophase

Question 16

In a species where the diploid number is 10, how many chromosomes will be present in each cell after meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

$$5$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why genetic material is duplicated before cell division?

Accepted Answer

To ensure each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes

Question 18

Which process is responsible for the formation of gametes in animals?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 19

If a mutation occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle, which of the following is most likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

The mutation will be present in both sister chromatids

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a stage of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Cell Division: Mitosis & Meiosis – Chromosomal Behavior and the Cell Cycle

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