$$ATP \rightarrow ADP + P_i + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which component of the fluid mosaic model is primarily responsible for the selective permeability of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 2

A bacterial cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is most likely to happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will burst due to water influx.

Question 3

Which structure is found in prokaryotic cells and is responsible for motility?

Accepted Answer

Flagellum

Question 4

What is the main difference between cytosol and cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Cytosol is the fluid portion of the cytoplasm.

Question 5

Which of the following molecules can most easily diffuse across the phospholipid bilayer?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar molecules like $$O_2$$

Question 6

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that:

Accepted Answer

It uses membrane proteins to transport large or polar molecules.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes active transport?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from low to high concentration using cellular energy.

Question 8

Why do bacteria in cold environments tend to have more unsaturated fats in their membrane phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats increase membrane fluidity at low temperatures.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell wall in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Regulating selective permeability

Question 10

Antibiotics that inhibit ribosomal activity in bacteria will most directly affect which cellular process?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why large polar molecules cannot easily cross the phospholipid bilayer?

Accepted Answer

The hydrophobic core of the bilayer repels polar molecules.

Question 12

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

There will be no net change in water movement.

Question 13

Which of the following structures is always present in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Chromosome

Question 14

What is the primary function of embedded carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Cell recognition and signaling

Question 15

Which equation best represents the hydrolysis of ATP during active transport?

Accepted Answer

$$ATP ightarrow ADP + P_i + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 16

A mutation causes a bacterium to lack fimbriae. Which function would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Attachment to surfaces

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the movement of phospholipids in the membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids move laterally within the same layer.

Question 18

Which process is responsible for the movement of water across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 19

A scientist observes that a certain antibiotic causes bacterial cells to burst. Which cellular structure is most likely targeted by this antibiotic?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of sterols in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They increase membrane fluidity and stability.

Cell Membrane Structure and Prokaryotic Cell Organization

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