Q: If a cell spends 23 hours in interphase and less than 1 hour in mitosis and cytokinesis, what percentage of the cell cycle is spent in interphase?

$$ \frac{23}{24} \times 100 = 95.8\% $$

Question 1

Which statement best describes the difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome number in the resulting cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces diploid cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell, while meiosis produces haploid cells with half the chromosome number.

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur, and what is the result of this process?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication occurs during the S phase, resulting in two identical copies of each chromosome.

Question 3

A human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell contain?

Accepted Answer

46 chromosomes

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction in humans?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half, so that when gametes fuse, the offspring has the correct diploid number.

Question 5

If a cell spends 23 hours in interphase and less than 1 hour in mitosis and cytokinesis, what percentage of the cell cycle is spent in interphase?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{23}{24} 	imes 100 = 95.8\% $$

Question 6

Which event occurs during anaphase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids separate and are pulled toward opposite poles.

Question 7

What is the primary function of cytokinesis in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

To divide the cytoplasm and form two separate daughter cells.

Question 8

Which phase of interphase is characterized by the cell preparing for division and continued growth?

Accepted Answer

G2 phase

Question 9

A mutation causes a somatic cell to skip the S phase of the cell cycle. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell will not replicate its DNA and may produce daughter cells with incomplete genetic material.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the outcome of meiosis in human males?

Accepted Answer

Four haploid sperm cells are produced, all of which are viable.

Question 11

Why do osteocytes (bone cells) enter the G0 phase after adolescence?

Accepted Answer

They become non-dividing cells, exiting the cell cycle.

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE about the genetic identity of daughter cells produced by mitosis?

Accepted Answer

They are genetically identical to the parent cell.

Question 13

During which stage of mitosis does the nuclear envelope dissolve and chromosomes condense into visible structures?

Accepted Answer

Prophase

Question 14

If a species has a diploid number of 24 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will its gametes have after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

12 chromosomes

Question 15

Which process restores the diploid chromosome number in sexually reproducing organisms?

Accepted Answer

Fertilization

Question 16

A cell in metaphase is observed under a microscope. What would you expect to see?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes are lined up along the equator of the cell.

Question 17

Which of the following is a key difference between somatic cells and gametes?

Accepted Answer

Somatic cells are diploid, while gametes are haploid.

Question 18

What is the main purpose of the cell cycle in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

To generate new diploid somatic cells for growth and repair.

Question 19

Which phase of the cell cycle is most likely to be affected in cancer cells that divide uncontrollably?

Accepted Answer

Interphase (especially G1 and S phases)

Cell Reproduction and the Cell Cycle: Study Notes for General Biology

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