Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main structural difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, whereas prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 2

Which organelle is primarily responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 3

A cell is placed in a solution with a lower solute concentration than its cytoplasm. What will happen to the cell due to osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water will move into the cell, causing it to swell.

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of surface area for a cube-shaped cell with side length $$l$$?

Accepted Answer

$$SA = 6l^2$

Question 5

Why is the surface area-to-volume ratio important for cell function?

Accepted Answer

It affects the rate at which materials can enter or leave the cell.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why most cells are small?

Accepted Answer

Small cells have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, allowing efficient exchange of materials.

Question 7

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrink as water leaves the cell.

Question 8

Which term describes the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 9

A student calculates the volume of a cube-shaped cell with side length $$l$$ using the formula $$V = l^3$. If l = 2$$\ \mathrm{\mu m}$$, what is the volume?

Accepted Answer

$$8\ \mathrm{\mu m}^3$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the cell membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 11

Which process requires energy input from the cell to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 12

A scientist observes that a cell has ribosomes, a plasma membrane, and DNA, but no nucleus. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modification and packaging of proteins

Question 14

If a cell's surface area is $$54\ \mathrm{\mu m}^2$$ and its volume is $$27\ \mathrm{\mu m}^3$$, what is its surface area-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from high to low concentration through a protein channel

Question 16

Which statement about endocytosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It involves the cell membrane engulfing material to bring it into the cell.

Question 17

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

There will be no net movement of water.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why plant cells have both a cell wall and a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The cell wall provides structural support, while the cell membrane regulates transport.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about osmosis in living cells?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Cell Structure, Membrane, and Transport: Study Guide

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