Question 1

Which of the following features is unique to prokaryotic cells such as $$E.\ coli$$ and NOT found in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Circular DNA located in the nucleoid region

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and a nucleus. Which type of cell is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cell

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of glycoproteins on the cell membrane surface?

Accepted Answer

They serve as recognition sites for cell-cell interactions.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the net movement of water during osmosis across a selectively permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$\Psi_{water}$$ moves from high to low water potential$

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct example of active transport in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Movement of sodium ions against their concentration gradient via the sodium-potassium pump

Question 6

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink as water moves out of the cell.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the plasma membrane is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass while blocking others.

Question 8

Which process involves the engulfment of large particles or microorganisms by the cell?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing DNA

Question 10

Which type of passive transport is driven by the random movement of molecules and does NOT require energy?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 11

A cell uses $$	ext{ATP} to $$move potassium ions into the cell against their concentration gradient. Which transport mechanism is being used?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis brings substances into the cell, while exocytosis releases substances from the cell.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct description of pinocytosis?

Accepted Answer

The cell engulfs liquid droplets and dissolved solutes.

Question 14

Which of the following is a major difference between the cell wall of fungi and the cell wall of plants?

Accepted Answer

Fungal cell walls are composed of chitin, while plant cell walls are composed of cellulose.

Question 15

Which of the following organelles is responsible for protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 16

A cell is observed to have a high concentration of lysosomes. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular digestion and recycling of cellular components

Question 17

Which of the following statements about symbiosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Symbiosis refers to any close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of glucose into a cell via a specific transporter protein

Question 19

Which equation best describes the rate of diffusion of a solute across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The membrane is composed of a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins embedded throughout.

Cell Structure, Membrane Transport, and Endocytosis/Exocytosis in General Biology

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