Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a semi-permeable barrier, preventing the diffusion of important molecules like salt and sugar out of the cell.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of solutes than inside the cell. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink as water leaves the cell, a process called crenation.

Question 3

Which cell structure is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 4

If a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what process occurs as the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Plasmolysis

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between solute concentration and water movement during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

$$C_{water} \propto \frac{1}{C_{solute}}$$

Question 6

A 10% sugar solution and a 10% salt solution are separated by a semi-permeable membrane. What is the tonicity between these two solutions?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic

Question 7

Which cell structure is NOT found in animal cells but is present in plant cells and helps maintain turgor pressure?

Accepted Answer

Central vacuole

Question 8

What is the primary reason red blood cells burst when placed in a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

Water enters the cell due to osmosis, increasing internal pressure until the cell ruptures.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why plant cells do not burst in hypotonic solutions?

Accepted Answer

The cell wall provides structural support, resisting the internal pressure from water influx.

Question 10

A student observes Elodea cells in salt water under a microscope. Which phenomenon is most likely to be observed?

Accepted Answer

Plasmolysis

Question 11

Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a semi-permeable membrane.

Question 12

Which structure is directly involved in preventing the loss of important molecules like salt and sugar from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 13

A cell is placed in a solution and neither shrinks nor swells. What can be concluded about the solution?

Accepted Answer

It is isotonic to the cell.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct definition of turgor pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure exerted by the plasma membrane against the cell wall due to water influx.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of plasmolysis?

Accepted Answer

The shrinking of plant cells due to water loss, causing the plasma membrane to pull away from the cell wall.

Question 16

If a cell with a solute concentration of 5% is placed in a solution with a solute concentration of 10%, what will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a structure that can be observed in both plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 18

What is the main difference between hemolysis and plasmolysis?

Accepted Answer

Hemolysis is the bursting of animal cells in hypotonic solutions, while plasmolysis is the shrinking of plant cells in hypertonic solutions.

Question 19

Which of the following formulas best represents the equilibrium condition for osmosis across a semi-permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$C_{solute,inside} = C_{solute,outside}$$

Cell Structures and Osmosis: Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제