Question 1

Which statement best explains why cells are generally small in size?

Accepted Answer

Smaller cells have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, allowing for more efficient exchange of materials with their environment.

Question 2

Given a cube-shaped cell with a side length of 2 $$	ext{μm}$$, calculate its surface area-to-volume ratio using the formulas $$	ext{Surface Area} = 6 	imes (	ext{side length})^2$ and $$	ext{Volume} = (	ext{side length}$$)^3. $$Which answer is correct?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{24}{8} = 3$$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a direct implication of the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

All cells have identical DNA sequences.

Question 4

A scientist observes a cell with a nucleoid region, ribosomes, and a plasma membrane, but no membrane-bound organelles. Which type of cell is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 5

Which structure is found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 6

Which organelle is primarily responsible for modifying, packaging, and sorting proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 7

A patient is diagnosed with Tay-Sachs disease, which is caused by the accumulation of undigested lipids in neurons. Which organelle is most likely defective?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

They arose when a eukaryotic cell engulfed a prokaryotic cell, which then became a symbiotic organelle.

Question 9

Which cytoskeletal component is primarily responsible for muscle contraction and amoeboid movement?

Accepted Answer

Microfilaments (actin filaments)

Question 10

A cell is observed to have a large number of mitochondria. What can you infer about the cell’s function?

Accepted Answer

It requires a large amount of energy for its activities.

Question 11

Which of the following structures is involved in the selective transport of substances into and out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the extracellular matrix in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It binds cells together in tissues and plays a role in chemical signaling.

Question 13

Which organelle contains its own DNA and ribosomes, supporting the endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT part of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 15

A cell with many rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is likely specialized for which function?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis and modification

Question 16

Which formula correctly calculates the surface area of a spherical cell with radius $$r$$?

Accepted Answer

$$4 \pi r^2$

Question 17

Which cell junction allows for the direct passage of ions and small molecules between adjacent animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of toxic by-products such as hydrogen peroxide ($$H_2O_2)$$

Question 19

Which cytoskeletal element is most important for chromosome movement during cell division?

Accepted Answer

Microtubules

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why larger organisms are composed of more cells rather than larger cells?

Accepted Answer

Increasing cell size decreases the surface area-to-volume ratio, limiting efficient exchange.

Ch 5 lecture

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드