Question 1

Which organelle is the primary site for lipid synthesis in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 2

Where in a eukaryotic cell would you expect to find most of the cell's DNA?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the relationship between atomic number and the number of protons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number equals the number of protons

Question 4

A carbon atom has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 5

Which of the following elements is most abundant in the human body by mass?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 6

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second electron shell of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 7

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 8

A sodium atom (Na) reacts with a chlorine atom (Cl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl). What type of bond is formed?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 9

Which of the following molecules contains a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 10

How many covalent bonds can a nitrogen atom typically form?

Accepted Answer

$$3$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen has more protons, increasing its pull on shared electrons

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct molecular formula for glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between a molecule and a compound?

Accepted Answer

A molecule is a group of atoms bonded together, which may or may not be different elements; a compound is a molecule with at least two different elements

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the octet rule is correct?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are most stable when their outermost shell contains 8 electrons, except for the first shell which is stable with 2 electrons

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with an uneven distribution of charge

Question 16

If a phosphorus atom forms 5 covalent bonds, how many electrons is it sharing in total?

Accepted Answer

$$10$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) form an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Sodium donates an electron to chlorine, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract

Question 18

Which of the following is a trace element in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Zinc

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of reduction in a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

Gain of electrons

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the chemical composition of an egg is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

An egg contains water, amino acids, fatty acids, sugars, and trace elements

Cellular Components and Biomolecules Study Guide

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