Q: Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 2

During cellular respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O}_2)$$

Question 3

Which process produces the greatest number of ATP molecules per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To function as an electron carrier and oxidizing agent

Question 5

Which step of cellular respiration occurs in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 6

In glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 7

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP

Question 8

During the citric acid cycle, how many NADH molecules are produced per turn of the cycle?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why fats yield more ATP per gram than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Fats have more high-energy electrons in their hydrocarbon chains, leading to more NADH and FADH$$_2$$ production during beta-oxidation

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct description of chemiosmosis in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

ATP is synthesized as protons flow down their gradient through ATP synthase

Question 11

In lactic acid fermentation, what is the fate of pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

It is reduced directly by NADH to form lactate

Question 12

Which of the following is a major difference between fermentation and aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation uses an organic molecule as the final electron acceptor, while aerobic respiration uses oxygen

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

4 Pyruvate

Question 14

What is the role of feedback inhibition in the regulation of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It prevents wasteful production of ATP by inhibiting key enzymes when ATP is abundant

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the electron transport chain (ETC) is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are passed from NADH and FADH$$_2 to $$oxygen through a series of protein complexes

Question 16

Which of the following is a possible final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Sulfate ion ($$\mathrm{SO}_4$$^{2-}$$)

Question 17

A mutation disables the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase in a cell. Which process would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis can occur in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis does not require oxygen and uses NAD+ as the oxidizing agent

Question 19

Which of the following macromolecules, when oxidized, produces the most ATP per gram?

Accepted Answer

Fats

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs the function of ATP synthase. Which cellular process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis during oxidative phosphorylation

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Study Notes (Campbell Biology, Chapter 9)

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