Q: According to the central dogma of molecular biology, what is the correct flow of genetic information?

$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

They are capable of conscious thought.

Question 2

Which statement best describes the difference between a scientific theory and a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A theory is a broad explanation supported by evidence, while a hypothesis is a testable statement.

Question 3

Which experiment provided evidence against the idea of spontaneous generation?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur’s swan-neck flask experiment

Question 4

According to the central dogma of molecular biology, what is the correct flow of genetic information?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why DNA mutations can lead to evolutionary change?

Accepted Answer

Mutations change the DNA sequence, which can alter proteins and lead to heritable variation.

Question 6

Which of the following is a requirement for natural selection to occur in a population?

Accepted Answer

Traits must be heritable and affect reproductive success.

Question 7

A scientist compares the DNA sequences of three species and finds that two species share more sequence similarities with each other than with the third. What can be inferred?

Accepted Answer

The two species with more similarities are more closely related.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct statement about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 9

Which taxonomic level was introduced by Woese to classify the three major groups of life?

Accepted Answer

Domain

Question 10

In Wittlinger’s ant navigation experiment, what was the main conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Ants use stride length and number to estimate distance traveled.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A finch with a beak shape that allows it to eat available seeds more efficiently.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the relationship between fitness and adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Adaptations are traits that increase an individual’s fitness in a particular environment.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 14

A researcher wants to test the hypothesis that a certain plant grows faster with blue light than with red light. Which of the following is the best experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Grow identical plants under blue and red light, keeping all other conditions constant.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct way to write the scientific name for humans?

Accepted Answer

$$	extit{Homo sapiens}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of control groups in experiments?

Accepted Answer

They allow researchers to compare results and rule out alternative explanations.

Question 17

Which of the following is a prediction that could be made from the food competition hypothesis for giraffe neck length?

Accepted Answer

Giraffes with longer necks feed higher in trees than those with shorter necks.

Question 18

Which of the following is a key feature of a good experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Including a large sample size and keeping conditions constant.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of speciation?

Accepted Answer

Populations diverge to form new species.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Finches with beak shapes suited to available seeds surviving and reproducing more successfully.

Chapter 1: Biology – The Study of Life (Mini-Textbook Study Notes)

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드