Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the seven properties common to all life?

Accepted Answer

Ability to create energy from nothing

Question 2

A scientist observes that a certain plant species grows taller in sunlight than in shade. Which of the following is the best hypothesis based on this observation?

Accepted Answer

If a plant receives more sunlight, then it will grow taller.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the relationship between structure and function in biology?

Accepted Answer

Structure determines function, as seen in the shape of red blood cells maximizing oxygen transport.

Question 4

Which of the following correctly compares the three domains of life?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria and Archaea are both prokaryotic, while Eukarya includes all multicellular organisms.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of artificial selection?

Accepted Answer

Humans breeding dogs for specific traits such as size or temperament

Question 6

Which level of biological organization is directly above 'organ system' and directly below 'organism'?

Accepted Answer

Organism

Question 7

In an ecosystem, which of the following best describes the flow of energy and cycling of nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Energy flows through the ecosystem, while nutrients are recycled.

Question 8

A researcher claims that a new herbal supplement cures the common cold. Which of the following is the best way to evaluate this claim using scientific criteria?

Accepted Answer

Look for controlled, repeatable experiments with clear hypotheses and data.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about evolution is correct?

Accepted Answer

Evolution is the process by which populations change over time through natural selection.

Question 10

Which of the following is a theory in science?

Accepted Answer

A well-supported explanation for a broad set of observations, such as the theory of evolution

Question 11

A student wants to test whether fertilizer affects plant growth. Which of the following is the best experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Grow two groups of plants, one with fertilizer and one without, keeping all other variables constant.

Question 12

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of emergent properties?

Accepted Answer

A heart pumping blood, which cannot be accomplished by individual heart cells alone

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of how evolution affects human lives today?

Accepted Answer

The development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atom → Molecule → Organelle → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism

Question 15

Which of the following is a fact, not a hypothesis or a theory?

Accepted Answer

Water boils at $$100^\circC at $$sea level.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes natural selection?

Accepted Answer

The process by which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more successfully

Question 17

A biologist is testing a new drug to lower blood pressure. Which of the following is the most important step to ensure the results are valid?

Accepted Answer

Use a control group that receives a placebo.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of the interrelationship between levels of biological organization?

Accepted Answer

A mutation in DNA (molecular level) causing sickle cell anemia (organism level)

Question 19

Why is a basic knowledge of biology important to the general population?

Accepted Answer

It helps people make informed decisions about health, environment, and technology.

Question 20

Which of the following is the best example of applying the scientific method to a real-world problem?

Accepted Answer

Observing that a certain food causes allergies, hypothesizing that it contains a specific protein, and designing an experiment to test for that protein.

Chapter 1: Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry – Study Guide

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