Q: What is the overall summary equation for photosynthesis?

$$6 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6 \text{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best distinguishes autotrophs from heterotrophs?

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, while heterotrophs must consume organic molecules for energy.

Question 2

What is the overall summary equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6 	ext{CO}_2 + 6 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6 	ext{O}_2$$

Question 3

Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for gas exchange during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Stomata

Question 4

Why do leaves appear green to the human eye?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll reflects green wavelengths, which are not absorbed for photosynthesis.

Question 5

Which wavelengths of light are most effective in driving photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Red and blue

Question 6

What is the main function of the light reactions in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH

Question 7

During the light reactions, what is the source of electrons for the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Water

Question 8

How does chemiosmosis in the thylakoid membrane differ from chemiosmosis in the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

In the thylakoid membrane, protons are pumped from the stroma into the thylakoid space, while in mitochondria, protons are pumped from the matrix into the intermembrane space.

Question 9

Which enzyme is responsible for incorporating CO$$_2$$ into organic molecules during the Calvin Cycle?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco

Question 10

What is the role of NADP$$^+ in $$the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor, becoming reduced to NADPH.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why leaves change color in the fall?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll pigments degrade, revealing carotenoids that absorb different wavelengths.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 13

How many turns of the Calvin Cycle are required to produce one molecule of glucose ($$	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6$$)?

Accepted Answer

Six

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the action spectrum and absorption spectra of photosynthetic pigments is correct?

Accepted Answer

The action spectrum shows the rate of photosynthesis at different wavelengths, which closely matches the combined absorption spectra of all pigments.

Question 15

Which process occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

Calvin Cycle

Question 16

What is being oxidized and what is being reduced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Water is oxidized and NADP$$^+ is $$reduced.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the flow of electrons during the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

Water $$\rightarrow$$ Photosystem II $$\rightarrow$$ Photosystem I $$\rightarrow$$ NADP^+$

Question 18

Which of the following is a direct benefit to the cell from the Calvin Cycle?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of G3P, which can be used to form glucose and other organic molecules

Question 19

Which of the following is required for the Calvin Cycle to proceed?

Accepted Answer

ATP and NADPH

Question 20

A plant is exposed only to green light. What is the most likely effect on the rate of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It will decrease because green light is mostly reflected, not absorbed.

Chapter 10: Photosynthesis – Study Guide and Learning Objectives

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