Question 1

In a controlled experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on the growth of daisies, which of the following best describes the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The amount of fertilizer added to the soil

Question 2

A teacher wants to test if offering $10 for attending a seminar increases student performance on a test. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Performance on the test

Question 3

Which of the following is a possible controlled variable in an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth?

Accepted Answer

Amount of water each plant receives

Question 4

In an experiment to determine if people with a college degree are more respectful than those without, what is the control group?

Accepted Answer

People with no college degree

Question 5

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new drug on memory retention. Which of the following best describes the experimental group?

Accepted Answer

Participants who receive the drug

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A variable that is measured to assess the effect of the independent variable

Question 7

In a study testing the effect of plane shape on speed, which of the following is a possible controlled variable?

Accepted Answer

Type of motor used in the plane

Question 8

A researcher wants to test if the amount of fertilizer affects the growth rate of daisies. Which equation would best represent the relationship between fertilizer amount ($$F) $$and growth rate ($$G) if $$the relationship is linear?

Accepted Answer

$$G = mF + b$$

Question 9

In an experiment, why is it important to have a control group?

Accepted Answer

To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental group

Question 10

A student claims that the amount of fertilizer is a dependent variable in a plant growth experiment. Why is this incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Because the amount of fertilizer is manipulated, not measured as an outcome

Question 11

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the use of a controlled variable?

Accepted Answer

Keeping the amount of water the same for all plants in an experiment

Question 12

In a study, students are divided into two groups: one receives $10 for attending a seminar, the other does not. What is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

Amount of money offered for attending the seminar

Question 13

A scientist wants to test the effect of fertilizer on two different species of daisies. Which of the following is a possible confounding variable?

Accepted Answer

Species of daisy

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of replication in a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

Replication helps ensure that results are reliable and not due to random chance

Question 15

In an experiment, the speed of a plane is measured after changing its shape. Which variable is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Speed of the plane

Question 16

A researcher wants to test if college degree status affects how respectful people are. Which of the following is a possible controlled variable?

Accepted Answer

Age range of participants

Question 17

If the relationship between fertilizer amount ($$F) $$and daisy growth ($$G) is $$exponential, which equation best represents this?

Accepted Answer

$$G = e$$^{kF}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a reason to use controlled variables in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

To allow multiple variables to be tested at once

Question 19

A student designs an experiment to test the effect of fertilizer on plant growth but does not include a control group. What is a major flaw in this design?

Accepted Answer

There is no baseline for comparison to determine the effect of fertilizer

Question 20

In a controlled experiment, which group receives the treatment being tested?

Accepted Answer

Experimental group

Controlled Experiments: Variables, Groups, and Experimental Design

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