Question 1

An atom of Iron has an atomic number of 26 and a mass number of 56. How many electrons and neutrons does a neutral atom of Iron contain?

Accepted Answer

26 electrons and 30 neutrons

Question 2

Which chemical group is circled in the following molecule: $$\mathrm{COOH}$$ attached to a carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 3

Which chemical group is circled in the following molecule: $$\mathrm{CH_3$}$$ attached to a carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

Methyl group

Question 4

What type of bond is formed when two atoms share electrons equally, as shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 5

In the diagram showing the transfer of an electron from atom A to atom B, what will be the resulting charges of each ion?

Accepted Answer

A: positive, B: negative

Question 6

Which of the following best describes dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that assembles monomers into polymers by removing water

Question 7

Which type of macromolecule is primarily responsible for catalyzing chemical reactions in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of defensive proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Inactivating and destroying viruses and bacteria

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a carbohydrate polymer and its function?

Accepted Answer

Starch: energy storage in plants

Question 10

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acid

Question 12

Which type of bond links nucleotides together in a DNA strand?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiester bond

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Coils and folds produced by hydrogen bonding between backbone atoms

Question 14

Which functional group is responsible for the acidic properties of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$\mathrm{-COOH})$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another

Question 16

Which of the following is a purine found in both DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids are essential components of cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

They have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, allowing them to form bilayers

Question 18

A protein loses its function after exposure to high heat. Which level of protein structure is most directly affected by this denaturation?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct match between a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate: monosaccharide

Question 20

Which of the following interactions is NOT involved in stabilizing the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds

General Biology: Atomic Structure, Chemical Bonds, and Biological Macromolecules

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