Starch is made of $$b-$$glucose, while cellulose is made of $$b-$$glucose, and humans lack enzymes to break $$b-$$linkages

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the four emergent properties of water that contribute to Earth's suitability for life?

Accepted Answer

High reactivity with nonpolar molecules

Question 2

Within a water molecule, the atoms are held together by which type of bond? What type of bond forms between different water molecules?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds within the molecule; hydrogen bonds between molecules

Question 3

Which functional group is represented by the structure $$-COOH$$ and is commonly found in amino acids and fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 4

Isomers are molecules that:

Accepted Answer

Have the same molecular formula but different structures

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why humans can digest starch but not cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Starch is made of $$b-$$glucose, while cellulose is made of $$b-$$glucose, and humans lack enzymes to break $$b-$$linkages

Question 6

Which statement correctly describes the difference between saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have no double bonds, unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds, and trans fats have double bonds in a trans configuration

Question 7

How does the length and saturation of hydrocarbon chains in phospholipids affect membrane permeability?

Accepted Answer

Short, unsaturated chains increase permeability; long, saturated chains decrease permeability

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a level of protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary phosphate

Question 9

Which type of bond is primarily responsible for holding the two strands of DNA together?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A carboxyl group

Question 11

Which group of biological molecules is NOT made up of monomers?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 12

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrink as water leaves

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between channel proteins and carrier proteins in membrane transport?

Accepted Answer

Channel proteins form open pores for passive transport; carrier proteins bind and change shape to move molecules

Question 14

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells do not

Question 15

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down waste and cellular debris, and what might happen if it malfunctions?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome; waste accumulates and damages the cell

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a major component of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 17

Which functional group is present in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 18

Which of the following molecules is classified as a nucleic acid?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 19

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension due to cohesion

General Biology: Biomolecules, Cell Structure, and Membrane Function Study Guide

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