Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between structure and function in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Structure determines function, and changes in structure can lead to changes in function.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a direct impact of climate change on ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Increase in the atomic number of elements

Question 4

Natural selection is most directly dependent on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The local environment

Question 5

Which of the following best defines a hypothesis in scientific research?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a testable and falsifiable statement.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 7

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 8

A sodium atom (Na) loses one electron to become a sodium ion (Na⁺). What type of ion is this?

Accepted Answer

Cation

Question 9

Which property of water allows it to move upward through the stem of a plant against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 10

Which of the following best explains how evaporative cooling helps regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation releases heat from the body, cooling it down.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are sugars made of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide and its components?

Accepted Answer

Lactose; made of glucose and galactose

Question 13

Which of the following statements about lipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are not considered true polymers because they lack a repeating monomer structure.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbons; unsaturated have at least one double bond.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Major component of the cell membrane

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why cholesterol is important in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It is a major component of the cell membrane and a precursor for steroid hormones.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of glycogen in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is a storage polysaccharide found in liver and muscle cells.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why cellulose is considered an insoluble fiber for most animals?

Accepted Answer

Most animals lack the enzymes to break the glycosidic bonds in cellulose.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of an atom?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, and electrons orbit the nucleus.

Question 20

A solution is made by dissolving salt in water. In this solution, which is the solvent and which is the solute?

Accepted Answer

Water is the solvent; salt is the solute.

General Biology: Cells, Chemistry of Life, and Biological Macromolecules

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