Question 1

Which of the following is an example of an emergent property in biology?

Accepted Answer

The ability of a heart to pump blood, which arises from the coordinated function of cardiac cells.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the flow of energy and cycling of nutrients in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Energy flows one way through the ecosystem, while nutrients cycle.

Question 3

Which of the following correctly lists the hierarchy of biological organization from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organism

Question 4

A scientist is testing the effect of sunlight on plant growth. She uses the same type of plant, soil, and water for all groups, but varies the amount of sunlight each group receives. In this experiment, what is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Plant growth

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the central dogma of biology is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates the correlation between structure and function in biology?

Accepted Answer

The flat, broad shape of a leaf maximizes its surface area for photosynthesis.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is true?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus.

Question 8

In the case study of coat color in mice, what was the main conclusion regarding the adaptive significance of mouse coloration?

Accepted Answer

Mice with coloration matching their environment had higher survival rates due to reduced predation.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

The plant grew 5 cm in one week.

Question 10

Which of the following best distinguishes a scientific theory from a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A theory is supported by a large body of evidence, while a hypothesis is a testable prediction.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the three domains of life?

Accepted Answer

Protista

Question 12

Why is it important to include a control group in a scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

To provide a baseline for comparison and determine if the independent variable has an effect.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes gene expression?

Accepted Answer

The process by which the information in a gene is used to synthesize a functional product, such as a protein.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of unity in the diversity of life?

Accepted Answer

All living organisms use DNA as their genetic material.

Question 15

A researcher collects data on the number of bacterial colonies growing on a petri dish. This type of data is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Quantitative data

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of DNA in a cell?

Accepted Answer

To store and transmit genetic information.

Question 17

In an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant height, which of the following is a controlled variable?

Accepted Answer

Type of plant used

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of an emergent property that arises at the level of the organ system?

Accepted Answer

The coordinated contraction of the heart to pump blood throughout the body.

Question 19

A student hypothesizes that increasing the temperature will increase the rate of enzyme activity. Which of the following is the best way to test this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Measure enzyme activity at several different temperatures, keeping all other variables constant.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the concept of emergent properties?

Accepted Answer

Properties that arise from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system.

General Biology Chapter 1 Study Guide – Step-by-Step Guidance

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