Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of emergent properties in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A single muscle cell can contract, but a whole muscle can produce coordinated movement.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct sequence of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Molecule → Organelle → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism → Population → Community → Ecosystem

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of how natural selection operates in the evolution of lactase persistence in humans?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with lactase persistence alleles were more likely to survive and reproduce in dairying cultures, increasing the frequency of these alleles over generations.

Question 4

A scientist is testing the effect of different fertilizer types on plant growth. She measures the height of plants after four weeks. Which is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Plant height after four weeks

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a scientific hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A testable explanation for an observation that can be supported or refuted by experimentation.

Question 6

In the context of sickle cell anemia, which level(s) of biological organization are directly impacted by the sickle cell mutation?

Accepted Answer

Molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and population levels

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for natural selection to occur?

Accepted Answer

All individuals must have identical traits.

Question 8

A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on enzyme activity. She keeps pH and substrate concentration constant. What are pH and substrate concentration in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Control variables

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why both the A and S alleles for hemoglobin persist in populations where malaria is common?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygotes (AS) have a survival advantage, leading to balanced allele frequencies.

Question 10

Which of the following is the best example of an emergent property at the ecosystem level?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient cycling between organisms and their environment

Question 11

A scientist collects data on the number of bacteria colonies at different time points after antibiotic treatment. Which type of graph is most appropriate to display the change in colony number over time?

Accepted Answer

Line graph

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of control variables in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

They are kept constant to ensure that the effect of the independent variable can be accurately measured.

Question 13

Which domain of life includes organisms that have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 14

A population of insects is exposed to a new pesticide. After several generations, most individuals are resistant to the pesticide. Which condition is necessary for this evolutionary change to be attributed to natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Resistance to the pesticide is heritable and increases reproductive success.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of science?

Accepted Answer

It involves making observations, forming hypotheses, conducting experiments, and revising hypotheses based on evidence.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of the interaction theme in biology?

Accepted Answer

Predator-prey relationships affecting population sizes in a community

Question 17

A patient has a mutation that disrupts the function of a protein responsible for transporting LDL cholesterol. This leads to increased plaque in arteries. Which level of biological organization is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Molecular

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why light-colored beach mice became more common in a population living on light sand?

Accepted Answer

Predators captured dark-colored mice more often, so light-colored mice left more surviving offspring.

Question 19

Which of the following is the most appropriate graph to compare the concentration of a substance in blood and dialysate at several time points?

Accepted Answer

Line graph with two lines (one for blood and one for dialysate)

Question 20

A researcher is examining how different levels of pollution affect the number of bird species in a given area. Which is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Number of bird species

General Biology Chapter 1/21 Study Guide: Unifying Themes, Natural Selection, and Scientific Inquiry

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드