Question 1

According to the theory of natural selection, which organisms are most likely to survive and reproduce in a changing environment?

Accepted Answer

Organisms that are more adapted to the environment

Question 2

In the scientific name $$	extit{Homo sapiens}$$, 'Homo' refers to the _____ and 'sapiens' refers to the _____.

Accepted Answer

genus; species

Question 3

Which of the following mixtures allows water molecules to form a hydration shell?

Accepted Answer

Salt and water

Question 4

Which of the following correctly represents the N-15 isotope of nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

$$7p^+, 8n^0$, 7e^-$$

Question 5

Water has a _____ heat-absorbing capability due to _____ between individual water molecules, which is first disrupted by primary energy inputs and only then is the temperature raised.

Accepted Answer

high; hydrogen bonding

Question 6

_____ is required for the synthesis of thyroxine, whereas _____ is required for the synthesis of hemoglobin.

Accepted Answer

Iodine; iron

Question 7

Which of the following statements about anions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

They are attracted to Cathode

Question 8

Identify the incorrect statement about protein structure.

Accepted Answer

The subunits of a quaternary structure are held together by ionic bonds.

Question 9

In the structure of threonine, the asymmetric carbons are attached to the following functional groups EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group

Question 10

_____ fatty acids have single carbon-carbon bonds in their hydrocarbon backbones, whereas _____ fatty acids have double carbon-carbon bonds.

Accepted Answer

Saturated; unsaturated

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT metabolized to generate energy?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Question 12

Identify which of the following molecules is a polysaccharide.

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 13

What type of monomer makes up a nucleic acid?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 14

How many glucose molecules are present in a polymer of glucose with molecular formula $$C_{12}H$$_{22}$$O_{11}$?

Accepted Answer

02

Question 15

The principal protein component of thick myofilaments is _____ and the principal protein component of thin myofilaments is _____.

Accepted Answer

myosin; actin

Question 16

There are several steps involved in DNA fingerprinting. Choose the option that includes the correct order for these steps:
1. Hybridization with DNA probes
2. Digestion of DNA by restriction endonuclease
3. Detection of hybridized DNA fragments by autoradiography
4. Blotting of DNA fragments to the nitrocellulose membrane
5. Separation or electrophoresis of DNA fragments

Accepted Answer

2 → 5 → 4 → 1 → 3

Question 17

Where was the name Polymerase Chain Reaction derived from?

Accepted Answer

Both A and B

Question 18

What is the main reason for using Taq polymerase during the PCR?

Accepted Answer

It remains active at the high temperatures required for DNA denaturation

Question 19

The technique to separate DNA fragments on the basis of their size or density on a gel using electric current is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Gel electrophoresis

Question 20

Which of the following markers is used to detect specific DNA sequences in the 'Southern Blotting' technique?

Accepted Answer

DNA probes

General Biology: Core Concepts and Applications – Study Guide

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