Question 1

Which of the following best exemplifies the concept of 'emergent properties' in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

The ability of a flock of birds to form complex flight patterns that individual birds cannot perform alone

Question 2

A scientist is testing the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in plants. Which of the following is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The light intensity

Question 3

Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes between a hypothesis and a theory in science?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a testable prediction, while a theory is a broad explanation supported by a large body of evidence.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a neutral oxygen atom ($$Z = 8$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^4$$

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 4. How many times more acidic is it than a solution with a pH of 7?

Accepted Answer

1000 times

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water is polar and can surround both positive and negative ions, separating them.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A flexible bilayer of phospholipids with proteins embedded throughout.

Question 10

A patient is given an intravenous (IV) solution that is hypertonic relative to their blood plasma. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

The cells will shrink as water leaves the cells.

Question 11

Which of the following processes requires energy input from the cell (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Joining two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide and releasing water

Question 14

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds and are typically solid at room temperature.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the endosymbiont theory?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplasts originated as free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.

Question 16

A protein's tertiary structure is primarily stabilized by which of the following interactions?

Accepted Answer

Interactions between R groups, including hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, disulfide bridges, and hydrophobic interactions

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in aqueous environments?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophilic heads interact with water, while hydrophobic tails avoid water, resulting in a bilayer.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence of increasing biological organization?

Accepted Answer

Molecule → Organelle → Cell → Tissue

Question 19

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from high to low concentration through a membrane protein without energy input

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct example of an isomer pair?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and galactose, which have the same molecular formula but different structures

General Biology: Core Concepts and Foundations Study Guide

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드