$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ \text{ M}$$

$$\text{Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a property common to all living things?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

Which subatomic particle determines the chemical behavior of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared unequally, creating partial charges

Question 4

What is the main reason water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules have partial charges that surround and separate ions

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the dissociation of water into ions?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2O \rightarrow H^+ + OH^-$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

Acids donate protons and bases accept protons

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 4. What is its hydrogen ion concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ 	ext{ M}$$

Question 8

Which property of carbon allows it to form a wide variety of molecules?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form up to four covalent bonds

Question 9

Which process describes the breakdown of polymers into monomers?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy for cellular processes

Question 11

Which type of bond is responsible for the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 12

Which statement best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophobic tails avoid water while hydrophilic heads interact with water

Question 13

Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 14

Which process moves substances against their concentration gradient and requires energy?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 15

Which equation represents the net movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Question 17

Which of the following amino acids is most likely to be found in the hydrophobic core of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Leucine

Question 18

Which cellular structure is responsible for sorting and packaging proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids and proteins can move laterally within the layer

Question 20

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Lose water and shrink

General Biology: Core Concepts and Molecular Foundations

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