Question 1

Which property of water allows it to moderate Earth's climate by absorbing heat without a large increase in temperature?

Accepted Answer

Its high specific heat capacity, due to hydrogen bonding between water molecules.

Question 2

A neutral atom has an atomic number of 10. How many electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$10$$

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds keep water molecules farther apart in ice, making it less dense than liquid water.

Question 4

Which organelle is primarily responsible for cellular energy production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 6

If a DNA molecule contains 30% adenine, what percentage of guanine does it contain?

Accepted Answer

$$20\%$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about scientific theories is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A scientific theory is supported by a large body of evidence and can be used to make predictions.

Question 8

Which of the following is a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the relationship between amino acids and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are polymers made up of amino acid monomers joined by peptide bonds.

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion

Question 11

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy of chemical reactions.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulating the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Question 13

Which of the following is a monomer of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water is polar and can surround and separate ions due to its partial charges.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Question 16

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They lack membrane-bound organelles.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells swelling when placed in pure water due to water moving into the cells.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins by linking amino acids together

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.

General Biology: Core Concepts and Principles – Study Guide

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