Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus.

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with the following characteristics: a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. Which type of cell is most likely being observed?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Question 4

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Packaging and modifying proteins for transport

Question 6

A mutation occurs in the gene coding for an enzyme involved in glycolysis. Which cellular process is most likely to be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Energy production

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why photosynthesis is considered an endergonic process?

Accepted Answer

It requires an input of energy from sunlight to drive the reaction.

Question 8

If a diploid organism has a chromosome number of $$2n = 24$$, how many chromosomes will be present in each gamete after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

$$12$$

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

All cells contain a nucleus.

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder. Which cellular function is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Energy (ATP) production

Question 11

Which process is responsible for the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Producing proteins from mRNA templates

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions.

Question 14

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Lose water and shrink

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

G1 phase → S phase → G2 phase → M phase

Question 16

Which of the following best explains the function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Digesting and recycling cellular waste

Question 17

Which of the following is a product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Double-stranded helix

Question 19

Which equation represents the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + light \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 20

A genetic disorder results in the inability to produce functional transport proteins in the plasma membrane. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion of glucose

General Biology: Core Concepts and Processes Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드