Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\,\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\,\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\,\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main structural difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus containing DNA, whereas prokaryotic cells have DNA in the nucleoid region without a membrane.

Question 2

A scientist is testing the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, and the other does not. Which is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The presence or absence of fertilizer

Question 3

Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice cause water molecules to be spaced farther apart, making ice less dense than liquid water.

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Assembling amino acids into proteins

Question 6

A patient with a high fever (above 40°C) is at risk because:

Accepted Answer

Enzymes may denature, losing their specific shape and function.

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\,\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\,\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\,\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of tRNA during translation?

Accepted Answer

tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches its anticodon with the codon on mRNA.

Question 9

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 10

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis results in diploid cells, while meiosis results in haploid cells.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is used to drive the synthesis of glucose.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about scientific theories?

Accepted Answer

A scientific theory is a well-supported explanation based on a broad range of evidence.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why carbon is so important in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form up to four covalent bonds, allowing for a diversity of stable organic molecules.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Question 15

A student observes a cell under a microscope and notes the presence of a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. This cell is most likely from:

Accepted Answer

A plant

Question 16

Which of the following is a trace element essential for human health?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

Acids decrease the pH of a solution, while bases increase the pH.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the control group in a scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

To provide a standard for comparison to determine the effect of the independent variable.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating total magnification on a light microscope?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Total Magnification} = 	ext{Ocular Lens} 	imes 	ext{Objective Lens}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?

Accepted Answer

Malignant tumors can spread to other parts of the body (metastasize), while benign tumors do not.

General Biology Exam 1 & 2 Comprehensive Study Guide

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드