Q: Which of the following is the correct chemical equation for photosynthesis?

$$6 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6 \text{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the law of conservation of energy as it applies to biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be transformed from one form to another within living organisms.

Question 2

Which of the following reactions is an example of an endergonic reaction in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water during photosynthesis.

Question 3

A scientist increases the temperature of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction from 25°C to 70°C. What is the most likely effect on the enzyme's activity?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme will denature, causing a significant decrease in activity.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It transfers electrons from NADH and FADH$$_2 to $$oxygen, generating a proton gradient used to produce ATP.

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct comparison between anabolic and catabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Anabolic reactions build complex molecules and require energy input, while catabolic reactions break down molecules and release energy.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why ATP is often called the 'energy currency' of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP can be used directly to drive both endergonic and exergonic reactions by transferring a phosphate group.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6 	ext{CO}_2 + 6 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6 	ext{O}_2$$

Question 8

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 9

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the energy of activation, speeding up biochemical reactions.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the relationship between light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Light-dependent reactions provide ATP and NADPH used in the light-independent reactions to fix carbon dioxide.

Question 11

A plant is exposed to green light only. What is the most likely effect on the rate of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

The rate of photosynthesis will decrease because green light is mostly reflected, not absorbed, by chlorophyll.

Question 12

Which of the following is a product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$	ext{O}_2)$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

The diffusion of hydrogen ions (protons) across the inner mitochondrial membrane, driving ATP synthesis.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about fermentation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen and results in the partial breakdown of glucose.

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the ATP/ADP cycle?

Accepted Answer

ATP is formed from ADP and inorganic phosphate using energy released from catabolic reactions.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

It is the production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of the electron transport chain.

Question 17

Which of the following would most likely increase the rate of photosynthesis in a plant, assuming all other factors are optimal?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the intensity of red and blue light.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of NAD$$^+ in $$cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Directly synthesizing ATP from ADP and phosphate.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a coupled reaction in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A reaction where an exergonic process provides energy to drive an endergonic process.

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs the function of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and ATP synthesis via chemiosmosis

General Biology Exam 3 Review: Energy, Photosynthesis, and Cellular Respiration

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