Question 1

Which of the following best describes an emergent property in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A property that arises only when individual components interact at a higher level of organization.

Question 2

A scientist is studying a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of $$1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ M. What is the hydroxide ion concentration in this solution at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

Question 3

Which functional group is responsible for forming crosslinks that stabilize the structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Sulfhydryl group

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between a structural formula and a molecular formula?

Accepted Answer

A structural formula shows the arrangement of atoms, while a molecular formula shows only the number and type of atoms.

Question 5

A student is asked to identify the type of bond formed between carbon and hydrogen atoms. Given that the electronegativity of carbon is 2.5 and hydrogen is 2.1, what type of bond is most likely formed?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 6

Which of the following is a property of water that allows it to moderate temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 3. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$ M

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a ketone functional group?

Accepted Answer

A carbonyl group bonded to two carbon atoms

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an asexual reproduction process in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Binary fission

Question 10

A student is preparing a 1 M solution of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$). What mass of glucose (in grams) should be dissolved in 1 liter of water? (Atomic masses: C = 12, H = 1, O = 16)

Accepted Answer

180 g

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides energy for cellular work by releasing a phosphate group.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct example of a geometric (cis/trans) isomer?

Accepted Answer

Two molecules with the same covalent bonds but different spatial arrangements around a double bond

Question 13

Which of the following statements about nucleic acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, and base pairing follows specific rules.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between a cation and an anion?

Accepted Answer

A cation has lost electrons and is positively charged, while an anion has gained electrons and is negatively charged.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct structural formula for two oxygen atoms bonded together?

Accepted Answer

$$O=O$$

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a property of water that is important for life?

Accepted Answer

Low surface tension

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the concept of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The maintenance of a stable internal environment despite external changes.

Question 18

Which taxonomic domain do humans belong to?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 19

Which of the following best describes Avogadro's number?

Accepted Answer

The number of molecules in one mole of a substance

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct example of a secondary consumer in a food web?

Accepted Answer

A wolf that eats a rabbit

General Biology Exam I Study Guide: Energy, Chemical Structure, and Biological Principles

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