Question 1

In an experimental study testing whether a new drug reduces high blood pressure, the change in blood pressure values of the participants represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

dependent variable ($$y)$$

Question 2

In the figure showing the number of mice caught with different coat colors under full moon and no moon conditions, what is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

the number of mice caught

Question 3

Based on the data from two enclosures (one with light-colored soil and one with dark-colored soil), how many dark brown mice were caught in the light-colored soil enclosure on a moonlit night?

Accepted Answer

17

Question 4

According to the results shown in the trichome density experiment, is there a significant difference in the density of trichomes on leaves in the sun versus the shade? (Given $$P = 0.012)$$

Accepted Answer

Yes, leaves in the sun have a higher number of trichomes compared to leaves in the shade.

Question 5

In the herbicide experiment on soybean production, at what point does increasing the amount of herbicide applied per acre no longer result in increased soybean production?

Accepted Answer

After 15 gallons/acre

Question 6

Based on the soybean production graph, is there any measurable level of soybean production without the herbicide? If so, how much?

Accepted Answer

50 pounds/acre

Question 7

All of the gray squirrels that inhabit an oak forest is an example of a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

population

Question 8

Complete the sentence: In plants,

Accepted Answer

photosynthesis and respiration can occur simultaneously.

Question 9

Considering the cellular processes of photosynthesis and respiration, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Both animals and plants respire and release $$\mathrm{CO_2$}.$$

Question 10

If sea nettles disappeared from a Chesapeake Bay food web, a likely effect would be:

Accepted Answer

Striped bass would have less food to eat.

Question 11

Which type of control is illustrated by the trophic effects of wolves, trees, and grasses in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

top-down control

Question 12

Which type of control is illustrated by the trophic effects of grass, deer mice, and coyotes?

Accepted Answer

top-down control

Question 13

Primary producers in a food web are best described as:

Accepted Answer

primary producers

Question 14

Nutrients cycle through a food web. Where do nutrients that are needed by plants primarily come from?

Accepted Answer

feed from dead organic matter by decomposers

Question 15

The source of the loss of heat from the primary producers and primary consumers in an ecosystem is:

Accepted Answer

produced during cellular respiration

Question 16

Why are big, predatory animals rare in ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

It's hard for an ecosystem to support many of them because so much energy is lost at each level of energy exchange.

Question 17

The rate at which producers convert sunlight to chemical energy is called:

Accepted Answer

gross primary production ($$GPP)$$

Question 18

Why is there a difference between gross and net grass production in an ecosystem energy budget?

Accepted Answer

Some energy was lost as heat during respiration.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Energy flows from the sun to producers to consumers and is eventually lost as heat.

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between gross primary production ($$GPP$$), net primary production ($$NPP$$), and respiration ($$R) in $$plants?

Accepted Answer

$$GPP = NPP + R$$

General Biology: Experimental Design, Ecology, and Energy Flow Study Guide

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