Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the atomic mass of an element?

$$\text{Atomic mass} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of evolution as outlined in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

The process of change over time that has resulted in the array of organisms found on earth.

Question 2

A scientist observes that a population of beetles exposed to a new pesticide shows an increase in individuals with a mutation conferring resistance. Which concept does this scenario best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the atomic mass of an element?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 4

Which property of water allows it to move upward through the stem of a plant against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Adhesion

Question 5

A solution has a pH of 9. Which of the following statements is true about this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is basic.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why hydrocarbon chains are hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

The bonds are non-polar.

Question 7

Which level of protein structure is characterized by interactions between R-groups of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 8

Which organelle is responsible for ATP generation and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 9

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.

Question 10

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, the other does not. What is the group that does not receive the fertilizer called?

Accepted Answer

Control group

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

An experiment designed to demonstrate the effect of one variable by using control and experimental groups that differ by only that one variable.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about phospholipids in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids self-assemble into bilayers with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.

Question 14

Which of the following is a property of water that helps moderate Earth's climate?

Accepted Answer

High heat of vaporization

Question 15

Which of the following is true about isomers?

Accepted Answer

Isomers have the same molecular formula but different structures and properties.

Question 16

Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis (translation of RNA to amino acids)

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the central dogma of molecular biology is correct?

Accepted Answer

Information encoded in DNA directs the synthesis of proteins via RNA.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the export of a protein from a cell?

Accepted Answer

DNA → mRNA → bound ribosome (Rough ER) → protein → transport vesicle → Golgi apparatus → transport vesicle → cell membrane

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Catalysis of chemical reactions

General Biology: Foundational Concepts and Cell Structure Study Notes

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