Course Overview

Introduction to General Biology I

This course provides a foundational overview of biology, focusing on molecular origins, cell structure and function, genetic expression, evolutionary patterns, and the diversification of life. It is designed for college students beginning their study of biological sciences.

• Instructor: William Gault, Ph.D.

• Class Meetings: LH170, Tues/Fri, 2:30pm – 3:45pm

• Required Materials: Freeman Biology, 7th Edition; Mastering Biology (Pearson)

Course Structure and Main Topics

Module 1: The Molecular Origin and Evolution of Life

This module introduces the chemical and molecular basis of life, including the structure and function of biological macromolecules and the evolutionary origins of living organisms.

• Introduction to Biology: Study of life, scientific method, and chemical basis of life.

• Macromolecules: Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

• Membrane Structure and Function: Organization and roles of biological membranes.

• Evolutionary Origins: How life evolved from simple molecules.

• Example: The role of phospholipids in forming cell membranes.

Module 2: Cell Structure and Function

This module explores the organization of cells, their energy transformations, and the role of enzymes in metabolism.

• Cell Structure: Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cells, organelles, and cellular organization.

• Metabolism: Energy flow, ATP production, and metabolic pathways.

• Enzymes: Biological catalysts, enzyme structure, and function.

• Photosynthesis and Respiration: Key processes for energy conversion in cells.

• Example: The role of mitochondria in cellular respiration.

Module 3: Gene Structure and Expression

This module covers the principles of genetics, including Mendelian inheritance, DNA structure, and gene expression.

• Mitosis and Meiosis: Cell division processes and their significance.

• Mendelian Genetics: Laws of inheritance and genetic variation.

• DNA Structure and Replication: Molecular basis of heredity.

• Gene Expression: How genetic information is transcribed and translated.

• Example: Punnett squares used to predict genetic outcomes.

Module 4: Evolutionary Patterns and Processes

This module examines the mechanisms of evolution, including natural selection and evolutionary processes that shape biodiversity.

• Natural Selection: Mechanism driving evolution and adaptation.

• Evolutionary Processes: Mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and selection.

• Example: Darwin’s finches and adaptive radiation.

Module 5: The Diversification of Life

This module explores the diversity of living organisms, including speciation, phylogenies, and the classification of life forms.

• Speciation: Formation of new species and phylogenetic relationships.

• Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes: Major domains of life and their characteristics.

• Example: The evolutionary tree of life.

Learning Objectives

• Demonstrate broad content knowledge in biology, from molecules to organisms.

• Develop a framework for scientific thinking and analysis.

• Build community and support among peers in the learning environment.

Bloom’s Taxonomy

Levels of Learning

Bloom’s Taxonomy is used to classify learning outcomes and guide assessments. The levels are hierarchical, with higher levels requiring mastery of lower levels.

Assessment and Grading

Assignments and Exams

• Assignments posted in Blackboard or Mastering Biology.

• Exams are in-person, multiple choice and short answer.

• Final exam covers all course material.

• No extra credit assignments.

Lecture Schedule (Sample Topics)

Key Terms and Definitions

• Macromolecule: Large, complex molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

• Enzyme: Biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in cells.

• Cell: Basic unit of life, can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

• Gene: Segment of DNA that codes for a protein or functional RNA.

• Evolution: Change in the genetic composition of populations over time.

• Speciation: Formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Important Equations and Concepts

• Photosynthesis:

• Cellular Respiration:

• Mendel’s Law of Segregation:

Student Responsibilities and Expectations

• Attend all classes and complete assignments on time.

• Engage with course material and participate in discussions.

• Seek help during office hours as needed.

Additional info:

• Some details inferred from standard General Biology syllabi and course structures.

• Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment breakdown expanded for clarity.