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General Biology I: Core Concepts and Study Guide (Chapters 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15)

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Carbon

  • Carbon is an Excellent Building Block
    03:35
  • Carbon
    04:19

Functional Groups

  • Functional Groups Example 1
    02:00
  • Functional Groups
    06:04

Introduction to Biomolecules

  • Introduction to Biomolecules
    01:17
  • Map of the Lesson on Biomolecules
    01:29

Monomers & Polymers

  • Building & Breaking-Down Polymers
    04:19
  • Monomers & Polymers
    03:42

Carbohydrates

  • Formation & Breakdown of Polysaccharides
    03:08
  • Carbohydrates
    04:53
  • Carbohydrate Functions
    05:08

Lipids

  • Steroids & Waxes
    03:30
  • Lipids
    04:19
  • Fatty Acids
    06:59

Proteins

  • Protein Structure
    08:02
  • Amino Acids
    04:37
  • Proteins
    02:50

Nucleic Acids

  • Nucleic Acids Example 2
    01:05
  • Formation & Breakdown of Nucleic Acids
    04:07
  • DNA vs. RNA
    05:57

Microscopes

  • Microscopes
    06:35
  • Types of Electron Microscopes
    02:52

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

  • Recap: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
    04:26
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles

  • Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles
    03:45
  • Ribosomes
    06:51
  • Map of the Lesson on Eukaryotic Organelles
    02:43

Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion

  • Golgi Apparatus
    06:02
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
    06:07
  • Nucleus
    06:32

Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles

  • Central Vacuole
    03:35
  • Lysosomes & Peroxisomes
    05:38

Mitochondria & Chloroplasts

  • Chloroplasts
    03:16
  • Chloroplast Structure
    03:41
  • Mitochondria Structure
    04:45

Introduction to the Cytoskeleton

  • Cilia & Flagella
    03:15
  • Introduction to the Cytoskeleton
    06:05

Cell Junctions

  • Cell Junctions
    05:33

Biological Membranes

  • Biological Membranes Example 1
    02:21
  • Biological Membranes
    06:04

Types of Membrane Proteins

  • Membrane Protein Functions
    03:54
  • Types of Membrane Proteins
    02:35

Concentration Gradients and Diffusion

  • Diffusion
    02:44
  • Concentration Gradients and Diffusion
    04:51

Introduction to Membrane Transport

  • Map of the Lesson on Membrane Transport
    02:33
  • Introduction to Membrane Transport
    02:47
  • Which Molecules Freely Cross Membranes?
    07:10

Passive vs. Active Transport

  • Classes of Membrane Transport Proteins
    03:28
  • Passive vs. Active Transport
    04:18

Osmosis

  • Osmosis Example 1
    02:18
  • Osmosis
    05:59
  • Direction of Osmosis
    06:48

Simple and Facilitated Diffusion

  • Simple and Facilitated Diffusion
    05:10
  • Transport Proteins of Facilitated Diffusion
    04:49

Active Transport

  • Secondary Active Transport
    07:06
  • Active Transport
    02:37
  • Primary Active Transport
    02:53

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

  • Endocytosis and Exocytosis Example 1
    01:52
  • Endocytosis Allows Entry to the Cell
    04:18
  • Exocytosis Allows Exiting from the Cell
    02:28

Introduction to Metabolism

  • Introduction to Metabolism
    02:17
  • Catabolic & Anabolic Pathways
    03:25

Introduction to Energy

  • Thermodynamics: System vs. Surroundings
    04:21
  • Introduction to Energy
    04:58

Laws of Thermodynamics

  • Second Law of Thermodynamics
    02:53
  • Entropy
    03:21
  • First Law of Thermodynamics
    04:43

Chemical Reactions

  • Chemical Reactions
    01:56
  • Types of Chemical Reactions
    05:48

ATP

  • Energy Coupling
    04:57
  • ATP
    06:43
  • Phosphorylation
    03:

Enzymes

  • Functions of Enzymes
    02:32
  • Enzymes Example 1
    02:25
  • Enzymes
    02:55

Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration

  • Introduction to Cellular Respiration Example 2
    01:53
  • Aerobic Cellular Respiration is a Redox Reaction
    04:18
  • Stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    02:31

Glycolysis

  • Phases of Glycolysis
    06:20
  • Glycolysis Example 1
    01:29
  • Remembering Phases of Glycolysis
    02:49

Pyruvate Oxidation

  • Pyruvate Oxidation
    04:38

Krebs Cycle

  • Krebs Cycle Example 1
    01:20
  • Krebs Cycle
    01:37
  • Phases of The Krebs Cycle
    09:54

Electron Transport Chain

  • Remembering the ETC
    04:43
  • Electron Transport Chain
    07:41

Chemiosmosis

  • Chemiosmosis
    05:01

Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

  • Lactic Acid Fermentation
    03:34
  • What Happens to Aerobic Organisms if There's No Oxygen?
    07:51
  • Alcohol Fermentation
    02:02

Introduction to Photosynthesis

  • Introduction to Photosynthesis
    03:32
  • Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
    07:55
  • Photosynthesis is a Redox Reaction
    03:20

Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy

  • Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy
    08:18

Stages of Photosynthesis

  • Stages of Photosynthesis
    03:16
  • Map of the Lesson on Photosynthesis
    02:41

Pigments of Photosynthesis

  • Pigments of Photosynthesis
    05:58
  • Introduction to Photosystems
    04:59
  • Absorption Spectrum of Photosynthesis
    02:52

Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

  • Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Example 1
    01:48
  • Light Reactions of Photosynthesis
    04:06
  • Steps of the Light Reactions
    15:15

Calvin Cycle

  • 3 Phases of the Calvin Cycle (C3 Pathway)
    10:58
  • Calvin Cycle
    03:42

C3, C4 & CAM Plants

  • C3, C4 & CAM Plants
    04:34
  • Comparing 3 Types of Photosynthetic Plants
    14:52

Review of Photosynthesis

  • Recap Map of Photosynthesis
    08:50
  • Review of Photosynthesis Example 1
    02:06

Introduction to Cell Division

  • Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction
    04:45
  • Introduction to Cell Division
    09:40
  • Importance of Cell Division
    03:19

Introduction to the Cell Cycle

  • Introduction to the Cell Cycle
    04:46

Interphase

  • Centrosomes & Mitotic Spindles
    04:02
  • Interphase
    08:05

Phases of Mitosis

  • Phases of Mitosis
    03:21
  • Metaphase
    01:58
  • Prometaphase
    03:20

Cytokinesis

  • Animal Cell Cytokinesis
    02:56
  • Cytokinesis
    01:25
  • Cytokinesis Example 1
    01:59

Cell Cycle Regulation

  • Cell Cycle Regulation
    03:31
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints
    06:32

Cancer

  • Types of Genes Regulating Cell Growth
    04:02
  • Cancer
    03:22

The Griffith Experiment

  • The Griffith Experiment
    08:56

The Hershey-Chase Experiment

  • The Hershey-Chase Experiment
    03:59
  • Bacteriophages
    03:44

Chargaff's Rules

  • Chargaff's Rules
    04:33

Discovering the Structure of DNA

  • Detailed DNA Structure
    06:24
  • Discovering the Structure of DNA
    04:41

Meselson-Stahl Experiment

  • Meselson-Stahl Experiment
    09:03

Introduction to DNA Replication

  • Unwinding the DNA: Topoisomerase, Helicase & SSBs
    05:10
  • Components of DNA Replication
    04:47
  • Origin of Replication
    03:33

DNA Polymerases

  • DNA Polymerase Requirements
    05:03
  • DNA Polymerases
    04:01

Leading & Lagging DNA Strands

  • Leading & Lagging DNA Strands
    05:15

Steps of DNA Replication

  • Steps of DNA Replication
    09:29

DNA Repair

  • DNA Repair
    03:20
  • DNA Proofreading & Repair Enzymes
    02:12

Telomeres

  • Telomeres
    04:25

Introduction to DNA-Based Technology

  • Map of DNA-Based Technology Lesson
    03:12
  • Introduction to DNA-Based Technology
    02:30

Introduction to DNA Cloning

  • Introduction to DNA Cloning
    02:25
  • Cloning with Recombinant DNA
    03:41

Steps to DNA Cloning

  • Steps to DNA Cloning
    04:42
  • 1b) Use Ligation Enzymes
    04:58
  • 1a) Use Restriction Enzymes
    03:27

Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction

  • Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction
    01:31
  • Components of a Polymerase Chain Reaction
    05:57
  • Why do we use PCR?
    02:53

The Steps of PCR

  • 1) Denaturation
    03:33
  • 2) Annealing
    02:56
  • The Steps of PCR
    04:39

Gel Electrophoresis

  • Gel Electrophoresis
    07:58
  • Gel Electrophoresis Example 1
    02:34

Southern Blotting

  • Southern Blotting
    03:31
  • Steps of Southern Blotting
    08:21

DNA Fingerprinting

  • Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)
    03:41
  • DNA Fingerprinting
    03:30

Introduction to DNA Sequencing

  • Introduction to DNA Sequencing
    02:13
  • Dideoxy Nucleotides
    05:12

Dideoxy Sequencing

  • Chain-Termination PCR
    07:37
  • Dideoxy Sequencing
    01:03
  • Determining the DNA Sequence from a Gel
    06:28

Central Dogma

  • Central Dogma
    05:45

Introduction to Transcription

  • Overview of Transcription
    07:44
  • Introduction to Transcription
    05:51

Steps of Transcription

  • 3) Termination of Transcription
    02:44
  • 1) Initiation of Transcription
    04:16
  • 2) Elongation of Transcription
    04:01

Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing

  • Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing
    02:32
  • 2) RNA Splicing Creates Mature mRNA
    08:44
  • 1) RNA Processing
    04:19

Introduction to Types of RNA

  • Introduction to Types of RNA
    07:20

Genetic Code

  • How to Use the Genetic Code
    11:39
  • Genetic Code
    01:28

Introduction to Translation

  • Ribosomal tRNA Binding Sites
    06:16
  • Ribosome Subunits
    08:42
  • Introduction to Translation
    06:12

Steps of Translation

  • 2) Elongation of Translation
    04:59
  • 3) Termination of Translation
    02:16
  • 1) Initiation of Translation
    05:03

Post-Translational Modification

  • Post-Translational Modification
    04:26

Review of Transcription vs. Translation

  • Review of Transcription vs. Translation
    04:07

Mutations

  • Mutations
    02:29
  • Types of Mutations
    08:44

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression

  • Positive vs Negative Gene Regulation
    02:17
  • Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression
    06:40

Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons

  • Inducible Operons
    04:25
  • Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons
    00:53
  • Repressible Operons
    03:42

The Lac Operon

  • In the Absence of Lactose
    04:34
  • The Lac Operon
    07:06
  • In the Presence of Lactose
    03:56

Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon

  • Positive Control by cAMP & CRP
    08:32
  • Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon Example 1
    06:20
  • GlucoseLevels, cAMP, & the Lac Operon
    05:58

The Trp Operon

  • In the Presence of Tryptophan
    03:11
  • The Trp Operon
    05:30
  • In the Absence of Tryptophan
    03:42

Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon

  • Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon
    06:24

Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

  • Map of Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
    04:22
  • Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
    03:47

Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications

  • Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications
    03:55
  • Histone Acetylation
    04:14
  • DNA Methylation
    03:39

Eukaryotic Transcriptional Control

  • Introduction to Transcription Factors
    03:32
  • General Transcription Factors
    03:51
  • Specific Transcription Factors
    03:57

Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation

  • Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation
    01:56
  • 3) RNA Interference
    04:16
  • 1) Alternative RNA Splicing
    05:17

Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

  • Protein Ubiquitination
    02:45
  • Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation
    03:55