$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates an emergent property in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

The coordinated pumping action of the heart, which arises from the interaction of many heart cells.

Question 2

A scientist wants to test the effect of sunlight on plant growth. Which is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Amount of sunlight the plants receive.

Question 3

Which statement correctly differentiates a theory from a hypothesis in science?

Accepted Answer

A theory is a broad explanation supported by evidence; a hypothesis is a testable prediction.

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct sequence in the biological hierarchy from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Molecule → Organelle → Cell → Organism

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 6

Which process describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein?

Accepted Answer

Transcription and translation

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions ($$[H^+]) in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 8

Which property of water allows it to moderate temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 9

Which of the following bonds is responsible for the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 10

A buffer system in blood helps maintain pH by:

Accepted Answer

Releasing or absorbing $$H^+$$ ions to resist changes in pH.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct example of a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule ($$H_2O)$$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice create a lattice structure that is less dense than liquid water.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 14

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds, causing kinks in their structure.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the structure of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of negative feedback in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose; RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning in biology?

Accepted Answer

Predicting that if all mammals have hair, and whales are mammals, then whales have hair.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the unity and diversity of life according to Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Organisms share common traits due to shared ancestry, but differences arise from adaptations to different environments.

General Biology Study Guide: Biological Hierarchy, Chemistry for Biology, Biological Molecules, and Origin of Life

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