Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between potential and kinetic energy in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is stored energy, such as the energy in chemical bonds, while kinetic energy is the energy of motion, such as a muscle contracting.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between two hydrogen atoms in $$H_2$$

Question 3

Which property of water allows it to moderate temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 4

A solution with a pH of 4 is how many times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 7?

Accepted Answer

$$10^3 = 1000$ times more acidic

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why carbon is the backbone of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form four covalent bonds, allowing for a variety of stable structures.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis builds polymers by removing water, while hydrolysis breaks polymers by adding water.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic catalysis

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophilic heads interact with water, while their hydrophobic tails avoid water.

Question 10

Which of the following is released when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP?

Accepted Answer

Energy

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

All cells contain a nucleus.

Question 12

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of cholesterol in animal cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

It stabilizes membrane fluidity across temperature changes.

Question 14

A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Swell and possibly burst due to water entering the cell.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes active transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient using energy.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy of chemical reactions.

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life example of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A plant cell swelling when placed in pure water.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

They synthesize proteins from amino acids.

Question 19

Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

It has an uneven distribution of electrons, resulting in partial positive and negative charges.

General Biology Study Guide: Unit 1 Review Sheet Guidance

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